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Table 2 Comparative ecological analysis of Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini infections of environmental, climatic, and socio-economic variables

From: Natural variables separate the endemic areas of Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini along a continuous, straight zone in Southeast Asia

Variables

Liver fluke

P value

C. sinensis (N = 84)

O. viverrini (N = 721)

Elevation*

35.44 (3.12, 177.00)

160.00 (108.13, 238.37)

 < 0.001

Slope*

0.73 (0.14, 4.80)

0.62 (0.32, 1.68)

0.593

Land cover*

12.00 (9.00, 12.00)

12.00 (8.00, 12.00)

0.003

NDVI*

0.46 (0.37, 0.65)

0.53 (0.42, 0.70)

0.003

HII

29.50 ± 9.36

22.00 ± 7.61

 < 0.001

HFP

45.98 ± 14.57

33.77 ± 11.58

 < 0.001

Water distance*

1033.20 (168.53, 5872.07)

3925.45 (544.82, 8706.90)

0.002

Bio1

22.35 ± 1.70

26.06 ± 1.78

 < 0.001

Bio2

6.67 ± 0.83

9.78 ± 1.30

 < 0.001

Bio3

32.46 ± 2.26

55.21 ± 3.77

 < 0.001

Bio4

522.83 ± 85.88

215.00 ± 53.04

 < 0.001

Bio5

31.90 ± 1.10

34.19 ± 2.28

 < 0.001

Bio6

11.28 ± 3.22

16.39 ± 2.65

 < 0.001

Bio7

20.62 ± 2.93

17.80 ± 2.67

 < 0.001

Bio8

27.27 ± 1.73

26.97 ± 1.33

0.052

Bio9

16.20 ± 2.12

23.36 ± 2.40

 < 0.001

Bio10

28.14 ± 1.14

28.34 ± 1.61

0.269

Bio11

15.48 ± 2.71

23.07 ± 2.31

 < 0.001

Bio12

1684.77 ± 150.96

1566.70 ± 470.23

0.022

Bio13

338.17 ± 51.37

332.66 ± 131.55

0.704

Bio14

26.02 ± 9.87

4.40 ± 5.27

 < 0.001

Bio15

80.11 ± 8.22

89.44 ± 9.70

 < 0.001

Bio16

899.33 ± 111.56

858.59 ± 335.65

0.27

Bio17*

95.83 (78.34, 112.29)

20.50 (17.91, 27.72)

 < 0.001

Bio18*

772.30 (736.63, 820.49)

367.71 (289.75, 534.85)

 < 0.001

Bio19

105.08 ± 38.85

49.31 ± 55.53

 < 0.001

  1. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; *represents the median (interquartile range, IQR with Q1,Q3); Elevation, Height above sea level, in meters (m); Slope, Steepness or incline of land, in degrees (°); NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; Land cover, Type of land cover, categorized; HII, human influence index; HFP, human footprint index; Water distance, Distance to nearest water body, in meters (m); BIO1, annual mean temperature (°C); BIO2, mean diurnal temperature range (°C); BIO3, temperature annual range (% of mean); BIO4, temperature seasonality (standard deviation); BIO5, maximum temperature of the warmest month (°C); BIO6, minimum temperature of the coldest month (°C); BIO7, annual temperature range (°C); BIO8, mean temperature of the wettest quarter (°C); BIO9, mean temperature of the driest quarter (°C); BIO10, mean temperature of the warmest quarter (°C); BIO11, mean temperature of the coldest quarter (°C); BIO12, annual precipitation (mm); BIO13, precipitation of the wettest month (mm); BIO14, precipitation of the driest month (mm); BIO15, precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation); BIO16, precipitation of the wettest quarter (mm); BIO17, precipitation of the driest quarter (mm); BIO18, precipitation of the warmest quarter (mm); BIO19, precipitation of the coldest quarter (mm)
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Infectious Diseases of Poverty

ISSN: 2049-9957

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