Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies
From: Community based interventions for the prevention and control of tuberculosis
Study | Study design | Country | Intervention | Target Population | Integrated/Non-Integrated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gandhi 2008 [38] | Before/after | South Africa | DOTS therapy integrated with anti-retroviral therapy on a community level | TB and HIV co-infected adults | Integrated |
Chaisson 2001 [37] | RCT | USA | Preventive Isoniazid therapy for injection drug users | Injection drug users | Non-integrated |
Zwarenstein 1998 [50] | RCT | South Africa | Self-supervised treatment compared against therapy observed in clinic | Adult pulmonary TB patients | Non-integrated |
Heal 1998 [39] | Quasi-trial | Canada | Self-administered preventive therapy compared against preventive therapy observed in a clinic | All aboriginals in British Columbia undergoing preventive therapy for TB | Non-integrated |
Kamolratanakul 1999 [40] | RCT | Thailand | DOTS therapy compared against self-supervised therapy | All smear positive pulmonary TB patients | Non-integrated |
Khan 2002 [41] | RCT | Pakistan | DOTS therapy compared against self-supervised therapy | Adults with TB | Non-integrated |
Lwilla 2003 [42] | RCT | Tanzania | Community-based DOTS compared against institution-based DOTS | All patients diagnosed with TB at selected health centres | Non-integrated |
MacIntyre 2003 [43] | Quasi-trial | Australia | Family member supervised DOTS compared against non-observed therapy | All patients diagnosed with TB at selected health centres | Non-integrated |
Malotte 2001 [44] | RCT | USA | INH therapy of latent TB infections given either by outreach workers or at a facility | People with active or recent history of drug use | Non-integrated |
Newell 2006 [45] | RCT | Nepal | Comparison between community-members DOTS and family member DOTS | All new smear positive cases of pulmonary TB | Non-integrated |
Ollé-Goig 2001 [46] | Quasi-trial | Haiti | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Walley 2001 [47] | RCT | Pakistan | DOTS by family member compared with DOTS by healthcare worker and non-observed therapy | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Wandwalo 2004 [48] | RCT | Tanzania | Community-based DOTS compared against healthcare worker DOTS | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Wright 2004 [49] | RCT | Swaziland | Community health worker DOTS compared with family member DOTS | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Atkins 2011 [11] | Quasi-trial | South Africa | Enhanced tuberculosis treatment adherence | Adult TB patients | Integrated |
Barker 2002 [12] | Quasi-trial | South Africa | Community-based DOTS compared against healthcare worker DOTS | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Clarke 2005 [15] | RCT | South Africa | Comparison between conventional TB treatment and lay health worker DOTS | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Colvin 2003 [16] | Quasi-trial | South Africa | Traditional healers mobilized as DOTS supervisors | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Corbett 2010 [17] | RCT | Zimbabwe | Door-to-door and mobile van announcements compared as strategies to increase TB detection | All people in a specific community | Integrated |
Diez 1996 [18] | Before/after | Spain | Social support for deserving TB patients | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Dudley 2003 [19] | Quasi-trial | South Africa | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Fairall 2005 [20] | RCT | South Africa | Educational outreach to nurses to increase TB case detection | Patients attending specific clinics | Integrated |
Ferreira 2011 [21] | Quasi-trial | Brazil | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Filho 2009 [14] | Quasi-trial | Brazil | Food baskets offered to patient to assess effect on treatment outcomes | Adult TB patients | Integrated |
Kamineni 2011 [22] | Before/after | India | Increasing case detection and treatment adherence, decreasing stigma and discrimination, empowering affected people, and mobilising political commitment and resources | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Kirondea 2002 [23] | Quasi-trial | South Africa | Assessing the feasibility of using lay volunteers as DOTS supervisors | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Vieira 2011 [31] | Quasi-trial | Brazil | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Weis 1994 [32] | Before/after | USA | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
White 2002 [33] | RCT | USA | Incentivized treatment compared with no incentive | Susceptible population in a county jail | Non-integrated |
Zwarenstein 2000 [35] | RCT | South Africa | DOTS compared with non-observed therapy | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Prado 2011 [27] | Quasi-trial | Brazil | Community health worker DOTS compared with family member DOTS | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Vassall 2002 [30] | Quasi-trial | Syria and Egypt | Community-based DOTS compared against institution-based DOTS | TB patients of all ages | Integrated |
CDI study group | RCT | Nigeria, Uganda and Cameroon | Integration of community interventions to counter multiple diseases through a single framework | TB patients of all ages | Integrated |
Miti 2003 [25] | Quasi-trial | Zambia | Integration of HIV and TB services | Adult TB patients | Integrated |
Amo-Adjei 2013 [10] | Before/after | Ghana | Improvements in diagnosis, community TB care and stigma reduction among community and health workers towards TB patients | Adult TB patients | Integrated |
Brust 2012 [13] | Before/after | South Africa | Integration of HIV and TB services | Adult TB patients | Integrated |
Mafigiri 2012 [24] | Quasi-trial | Uganda | Community-based DOTS compared against institution-based DOTS | TB patients of all ages | Non-integrated |
Niazi 2003 [26] | Quasi-trial | Iraq | Community-based DOTS compared against institution-based DOTS | Adult TB patients | Non-integrated |
Uwimana 2012 [28] | RCT | South Africa | Training community care workers (CCWs) to provide integrated care | All members of localities where the CCWs were based | Integrated |
Uwimana 2013 [29] | Before/after | South Africa | Training community care workers (CCWs) to provide integrated care | All members of localities where the CCWs were based | Integrated |
Yassin 2013 [34] | Quasi-trial | Ethiopia | Training, engaging stakeholders and communities and active case-finding by female Health Extension Workers (HEWs) at village level | All members of localities where the HEWs were based | Non-integrated |