Table 2 Schistosomiasis morbidity at various infection stages
From: Extent of morbidity associated with schistosomiasis infection in Malawi: a review paper
Stage | Pathology | Morbidity due to S. mansoni | Morbidity due to S. haematobium |
|---|---|---|---|
Invasion | Cercarial dermatitis | Cercarial dermatitis | |
Acute | As a result of antigens and metabolites excreted with egg production | Katayama fever, weakness, weight loss, headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dry cough, hepatosplenomegaly, bloody diarrhoea, urticaria, periorbital oedema, bronchospasm | Katayama fever, chills, weakness, weight loss, headache, haematuria, pain on micturition, urinary dribbling and incontinence, |
Early | Colonic focal fibrosis and granulomatous inflammation | (Bloody) diarrhoea, blood in stool, abdominal pain | haematuria |
Early and late | Anaemia | ||
Late | Portal hypertension | Hepatosplenomegaly ascites, oedema, oesophageal varices haematemesis, liver failure, corpulmonale | Bladder cancer, obstructive uropathy, hydronephrosis, renal parychyma impared, kidney disfunction |
Subtle | Ectopic lesions (CNS) | Convulsions, paralysis, reduction of growth, impaired cognitive development, reduced physical fitness | Uropathy, kidney failure |
Mortality | Portal hypertension | Liver failure, corpulmonale Haematemesis | Kidney failure, ascetic renal failure, bladder cancer, kidney necrosis |