Therapeutic efficacy and effects of artemisinin-based combination treatments on uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria -associated anaemia in Nigerian children during seven years of adoption as first-line treatments

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of children treated with artesunate-amodiaquine or artemether-lumefantrine between 2008 and 2014

	Artesunate-amodiaquine (829)		P value	Artemether-lumefantrine (517)		P value	All treatments (1346)		P value
	No anaemia (577)	Anaemia (252)	P value	No anaemia (332)	Anaemia (185)	P value	No anaemia (909)	Anaemia (437)	P value
Gender (M/F)	300/277	141/111	0.29	183/149	102/83	1.00	483/426	243/194	0.39
Age (year)^a
Mean	6.4	4.3	<0.0001	5	3.9	<0.0001	5.9	4.1	<0.0001
95%CI	6.2-6.7	4.0-4.7		4.6-5.3	3.5-4.2		5.7-6.1	3.9-4.4
No. < 5 years	246	183	<0.0001	219	156	<0.0001	465	339	<0.0001
Duration of illness (day)
Mean	2.7	3.3	<0.000	2.9	3.2	0.03	2.8	3.3	<0.0001
95%CI	2.6-2.9	3.01-3.5	1	2.7-3	2.9-3.6		2.7-2.9	3.1-3.5	<0.0001
Temperature (°C)
Mean	38.2	38.1	0.16	38.1	38.	0.35	38.2	38.1	0.08
95%CI	38.1-38.2	37.9-38.2		38-38.3	37.9-38.2		38.1-38.3	38.0-38.2
No. > 37.4 °C	443	185	0.30	241	133	0.87	684	318	0.33
No. > 40 °C	25	18	0.08	13	13	0.12	38	31	0.02
Haematocrit (%)
Mean	33.9	25.6	<0.0001	33.5	25.5	<0.0001	33.8	25.5	0.009
95%CI	33.7-34.2	25.24 – 26.0		33.2-33.8	25.1-26		33.6-34	25.3-25.8
No. < 30%		252			185			437
Parasitaemia (μL⁻¹)
Geometric mean	38 917	23 908	<0.0001	27 791	20 512	0.03	34 413	22 407	<0.0001
Range	1 000–1 125 000	1 000–1 096 636		1 000–1 000 000	1 000–2 124 000		1 000–1 125 000	1 000–2 124 000
No. ≥ 100 000 μL⁻¹	141	52	0.27	67	26	0.08	208	78	0.04
No. ≥ 250 000 μL⁻¹	35	8	0.12	13	5	0.47	48	13	0.06

^aMean age for all children enrolled in the study is 5.3 years (95%CI 5.1-5.5, range 0.5-15, n = 1 346)

ISSN: 2049-9957