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Table 4 Key findings from children’s nutrition and health KAP survey and household questionnaire in Burkina Faso, February 2015

From: Prevalence and risk factors of undernutrition among schoolchildren in the Plateau Central and Centre-Ouest regions of Burkina Faso

Children (n = 385)

Number

Percent

Selected KAPa indicators:

Handwashingb

 Water only

344

89.4

 Water and soap

306

79.5

 With ash

12

3.1

 With mud

1

0.3

 Before eating

338

87.8

 After eating

55

14.3

 After playing

28

7.3

 After defecation

85

22.1

 Do not wash hands

16

4.2

Hygiene behaviourc

 Lower category (1)

56

14.6

 Middle score (2)

227

59.0

 Best category (3)

102

26.4

Sanitary behaviour at school

 Using latrines at school

307

79.7

 Open defecation (fields, bush)

71

18.5

 Others (at home, teachers home)

7

1.8

Meals (day prior to the survey)

 Breakfast

330

85.7

 Lunch

351

91.2

 Dinner

358

93.0

Nutritional knowledge

 Heard about malnutrition

69

17.9

Households (n = 385)

Number

Percent

Household WASHd characteristics

  

 Availability of soap (observational)

118

30.7

Type of latrines used

 Flush toilet (i)

0

0

 VIP latrinee (ii)

14

3.6

 Traditional pit latrine (iii)

83

21.6

 EcoSanf (iv)

60

15.6

 Samplat latrine (v)

15

3.9

 No facilities/open defecation (vi)

213

55.3

 Total improvedg (i, ii, iv, v)

89

23.1

 Total unimprovedh (iii, vi)

296

76.9

Nutritional knowledge and practices

 Heard about malnutrition

300

77.9

 Participating child was breastfed

373

96.9

  1. a Knowledge, attitudes and practices
  2. b Multiple responses occurred for the variables characterising the mode (how) and frequency (when) of handwashing.
  3. c A new variable for hygiene behaviour was created using factor analysis with two conceptually similar categorical variables of: (i) mode of handwashing (handwashing with water and soap, with water only, with ash, no handwashing); and (ii) its frequency (before eating, after eating, after playing, and after defecation). Children were classified into three categories with lower, middle and better hygiene behaviours.
  4. d Water, sanitation and hygiene
  5. e Ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine is an improved type of pit latrine, which helps remove odours and prevent flies from breeding and escaping. Excreta are collected in a dry pit which has a vent pipe covered with a fly-proof screen at the top
  6. f Ecological sanitation (EcoSan) toilets are linked to a closed system that does not need water. The toilet is based on the principle of safely recycling excreta resources to create a valuable resource for agriculture
  7. g The total improved sanitation category includes sanitation facilities that hygienically separate human excreta from human contact. In our study, these were: (i) flush toilet, (ii) VIP latrine, (iv) EcoSan toilets, and (v) latrine with slab
  8. h The total unimproved sanitation category in our study included: (iii) traditional pit latrines, and (vi) no facilities/open defecation)