Skip to main content

Table 5 Results from univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis with undernutrition as outcome

From: Prevalence and risk factors of undernutrition among schoolchildren in the Plateau Central and Centre-Ouest regions of Burkina Faso

Undernutrition

N = 385 / N(cases) = 135

Univariable logistic regressiona

Multivariable logistic regressionb

OR

95% CI

P

aOR

95% CI

P

Sex

Male

1.00

     

Female

0.70

0.45–1.09

0.112

0.72

0.46–1.14

0.163

Age group

8–11 year

1.00

     

12–14 years

3.57

2.20–5.78

<0.001

3.45

2.12–5.62

<0.001

Region

Centre-Ouest

1.00

     

Plateau Central

0.89

0.35–2.27

0.804

   

Multiple pathogenic parasites

”yes” vs. “no”

1.94

1.09–3.47

0.025

1.87

1.02–3.43

0.044

Intestinal pathogenic protozoa

“yes” vs. “no”

1.78

1.03–3.06

0.039

1.71

0.97–3.03

0.064

Hymenolepis nana

“yes” vs. “no”

1.42

0.60–3.36

0.425

   

Schisotosoma haematobium

“yes” vs. “no”

0.76

0.22–2.56

0.659

   

Giardia intestinalis

“yes” vs. “no”

1.44

0.90–2.32

0.131

1.46

0.89–2.40

0.133

Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar

“yes” vs. “no”

1.39

0.85–2.25

0.187

1.41

0.85–2.34

0.184

Anaemia

No

1.00

     

Mild

1.59

0.89–2.85

0.121

1.24

0.67–2.31

0.486

Moderatec

2.89

1.48–5.64

0.002

2.52

1.25–5.08

0.010

 

Middle score (2)

1.00

     

Hygiened

Lower category (1)

1.15

0.59–2.25

0.676

   
 

Best category (3)

1.36

0.82–2.25

0.233

   

Sanitary behaviour at school

Open defecatione

1.00

     

Using latrines at school

0.97

0.48–1.95

0.922

   
 

Others (at teachers’)

Na

     

Household sanitary conditions

Improved latrines

1.00

     

No latrines/open defecation

0.96

0.54–0.54

0.886

   

Traditional latrine

1.18

0.60–2.29

0.634

   

Availability of soap

“yes” vs. “no”

1.14

0.70–1.84

0.599

   

Child’s eating habits (day prior to the survey)

Breakfast

“no vs. yes”f

0.72

0.38–1.38

0.326

   

Lunch

“no vs. yes”f

1.88

0.89–4.00

0.100

1.52

0.69–3.32

0.298

Dinner

“no vs. yes”f

1.30

0.57–2.99

0.534

   

Child “heard about malnutrition”

“no vs. yes”f

1.11

0.64–1.95

0.709

   

Caregiver “heard about malnutrition”

“no vs. yes”f

1.14

0.67–1.94

0.618

   

“Breastfed child”

“no vs. yes”f

2.20

0.41–11.71

0.354

   

Caregiver’s education

Never went to school

1.00

     

Primary education

1.30

0.71–2.37

0.390

   

Secondary education

0.87

0.40–1.89

0.716

   

Caregiver’s occupation

Agriculture

1.00

     

Civil service

0.35

0.04–3.01

0.341

   

Merchant

0.35

0.33–5.23

0.702

   
 

Othersg

0.71

0.28–1.85

0.487

   
  1. a P-value and odds ratio (OR) based on likelihood ratio test. In univariable logistic regression, the overall P-value of the models is indicated in bold letters
  2. b P-value and adjusted (a) OR based on likelihood ratio test of the multivariable regression model. The mixed multivariable logistic regression model with random school intercepts included the categorical exposure variables sex, age group, socioeconomic domains and project region. All risk factors that had a P-value lower than 0.2 in the univariable analyses were included into the multivariable regression analysis (as indicated in the table)
  3. c The category of moderate anaemia includes the severely anaemic children (n = 3)
  4. d This variable was created with two conceptually similar categorical variables of: (i) mode of handwashing (handwashing with soap and water, with water only, with ash, no handwashing); and (ii) handwashing frequency (before eating, after eating, after playing, and after defecation) where multiple responses were possible. Children were classified into one of three categories, with lower, middle and better hygiene behaviours
  5. e Open defecation includes the category of defaecating in the bush and behind the latrines
  6. f The reference category for the OR is “yes” as compared to “no”
  7. g ‘Others’ includes homemakers, retirees and unemployed people
Back to article page

Infectious Diseases of Poverty

ISSN: 2049-9957

Contact us