Pharmacological and immunological effects of praziquantel against Schistosoma japonicum: a scoping review of experimental studies

Table 2 Praziquantel-induced damage on tegument in different developmental stages of S. japonicum, harbouring in mice, and treated orally with the drug at a single dose of 400 mg/kg for 0.5–24 hours^a

Developmental stages of schistosomes (d)	Percentages of worm tegument showing damage^b		Host cell response expressed by dominant leukocytes^c
Developmental stages of schistosomes (d)	Vesiculation	Rupture	Neutrophils	Lymphocytes
d0	41.8	49.2	47.5 ± 8.2
d21, d28, d35, d42	20.4–38.7	17.9–56.2	26.8 ± 5.2–58.4 ± 12.2^d
d3, d11, d14	Normal tegument in most worms, or emergence of very few vesicles			12.8 ± 5.9–16.8 ± 5.0
d7	Ditto			2.5 ± 0.7

^aData from reference [44]
^b2–3 mice harbouring different developmental stages of schistosomes killed 0.5, 1, 4 and 24 hr after treatment, skins (d0), lungs (d3) or livers (d11, d14, d21, d28, d35, d42) removed for routine preparation of tissue section
^cEach value represents 40–80 sections
^dThe cells around the d21 schistosomules mainly lymphocytes

ISSN: 2049-9957