Table 3 Factors associated with recurrent tuberculosis (TB) among TB cases in urban and rural Tanzania
Characteristics | Crude | Adjusted | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | OR | (95% CI) | P-value | OR | (95% CI) | P-value |
Demographics | ||||||
Age (years) | 1.06 | (1.04–1.09) | < 0.001 | 1.06 | (1.02–1.10) | 0.001 |
Male sex | 4.42 | (1.18–16.5) | 0.027 | 3.04 | (0.73–12.6) | 0.13 |
BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 | 2.47 | (0.99–6.11) | 0.051 | 3.0 | (0.85–10.3)) | 0.087 |
Body fat (%) | 0.98 | (0.91–1.04) | 0.50 | – | – | – |
Social characteristics | ||||||
Higher education level a | 0.67 | (0.2–2.29) | 0.52 | – | – | – |
Employed | 0.44 | (0.2–0.99) | 0.046 | 1.52 | (0.47–4.87) | 0.49 |
Monthly income > 200 USD | 0.76 | (0.31–1.89) | 0.56 | – | – | – |
Living in the rural | 6.79 | (2.73–16.86) | < 0.001 | 3.97 | (1.16–13.67) | 0.029 |
Household members > 3 | 0.76 | (0.32–1.8) | 0.53 | – | – | – |
History of TB contact | 2.5 | (1.03–6.04) | 0.04 | 1.66 | 0.55–5.03 | 0.37 |
Individual deworming b | 0.38 | (0.17–0.89) | 0.026 | 0.59 | (0.19–1.76) | 0.34 |
Occupational risk c | 1.04 | (0.46–2.34) | 0.92 | – | – | – |
Smoking | 0.48 | (0.15–1.50) | 0.21 | – | – | – |
Alcohol abuse | 0.70 | (0.25–1.96) | 0.50 | – | – | – |
Comorbidities | ||||||
HIV infection | 1.38 | (0.66–2.88) | 0.39 | 0.51 | (0.19–1.38) | 0.13 |
Diabetes mellitus | 2.93 | (0.52–16.60) | 0.23 | 3.25 | (0.43–4.65) | 0.25 |
Severe anaemia d, g/dl | 1.07 | (0.34–3.37) | 0.91 | – | – | – |
Haematuria | 0.3 | (0.02–5.10) | 0.41 | – | – | – |
Any helminth infection | 0.99 | (0.38–2.65) | 1.0 | – | – | – |