Schistosomiasis in immigrants, refugees and travellers in an Italian referral centre for tropical diseases

Table 3 Crude and adjusted ORs for the association between patients’ characteristics and the risk of detection of ova in any specimen^a

Covariate^b	Ova present	Ova absent	Crude OR	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^c
Age	26 (21–32.5)	34 (27–44)	0.93 (0.90–0.95)	0.94 (0.91–0.97)
Male	91.3%	71.0%	4.22 (1.92–10.31)	2.04 (0.78–5.81)
Elapsed Time	184 (56–328)	209 (71–657)	0.99 (0.99–0.99)	1.00 (0.99–1.01)
Other Parasites	18.4%	17.5%	1.06 (0.53–2.11)	0.79 (0.36–1.70)
Endemics	95.2%	80.7%	4.66 (1.72–15.87)	2.08 (0.64–8.10)
Abnormal ultrasound	61.0%	41.0%	2.23 (1.30–3.89)	2.12 (1.15–3.96)
Symptoms presence	59.2%	50.0%	1.45 (0.86–2.46)	1.82 (0.98–3.42)
Increased IgE^d	80.0%	53.7%	3.43 (1.87–6.49)	1.20 (0.53–2.72)
Blood eosinophilia	64.0%	37.3%	2.98 (1.74–5.15)	1.98 (1.03–3.83)

Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
^aDue to the heterogeneity of provenience of patients, covariates such as exposure time could not be included in models
^bRelative frequencies are presented here, whereas the median (interquartile range) is reported for Age and Elapsed Time
^cAdjusted for every other covariate through a multivariate logistic regression model
^dTotal IgE value equal or above the upper normal limit (≥ 120 IU/ml)

ISSN: 2049-9957