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Table 3 Studies identified exploring relation between antimicrobial resistance, income and income inequality

From: Investigating the impact of poverty on colonization and infection with drug-resistant organisms in humans: a systematic review

Authors and year

Country

Study design

Participants

Population

Measurement level of poverty

Microorganism

Colonisation /infection

Association with AMR

ICROMS score

Henig et al. 2015 [29]

Israel

Matched Case-Control Study

6998

Patients at largest heath maintenance organisation in Israel

Community

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Both

Positive

Not applicable

Lestari et al. 2010 [24]

Indonesia

Cohort

3995

Patients from 2 hospitals and 3 primary health centres in 2 cities in Java

Household

Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Colonisation

Positive

24

McMullen et al. 2009 [28]

USA

Retrospective data analysis

10 530

Adult patients from hospital in St. Louis

Community

Community-Associated MRSA

Not specified

Positive

Not applicable

Duerink et al. 2007 [31]

Indonesia

Retrospective data analysis

3275

Patients from 2 hospitals and 3 primary health centres in 2 cities in Java

Household

Resistant Escherichia coli

Colonisation

Negative

Not applicable

Chen et al. 1998 [27]

USA

Retrospective data analysis

716

Isolates from 33 laboratories in Atlanta, Georgia

Community

Drug-resistant invasive pneumococcal infections

Infection

Negative

Not applicable

Trecker et al. 2014 [32]

China

Cross-sectional

384

Patients from hospital in Shanghai

Individual

Resistant Neisseria gonorrheae

Infection

Positive

Not applicable

  1. AMR Antimicrobial resistance, ICROMS Integrated quality criteria for review of multiple study designs, MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus