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Table 1 Soil-transmitted helminth prevalence (%) with 95% CI in school-age children in 2008 and in 2016 in Sierra Leone

From: Soil-transmitted helminth infection in school age children in Sierra Leone after a decade of preventive chemotherapy interventions

 

Prevalence in 2008* (95% CI)

Prevalence in 2016 (95% CI)

Reduction compared to 2008 (%)

n

Ascaris lumbricoides

Trichuris trichiura

Hookworm

Any STH

n

A. lumbricoides

T. trichiura

Hookworm

Any STH

Hookworm

Any STH

Overall

2777

6.6 (0–25)

1.8 (0–30.2)

38.5 (5.4–95.1)

48.3(5.4–96.3)

3632

4.4 (3.7–5.1)a

0.7 (0.5–1.1)a

14.9 (13.8–16.1) a

18.3 (17.0–19.5) a

48.3%

63.1%

By District

 Bo

163

2.0 (0–11.8)

1.11 (0–3.6)

12.9 (5.4–71.4)

18.4 (5.4–71.4)

294

0.0 (0.0–1.3)

0.3 (0.1–1.9)

8.2 (5.6–11.9)

8.2 (5.6–11.9)

59.4%

67.5%

 Bombali

215

8.6 (6.0–12.5)

0 (0–1.2)

17.9 (13.3–29.7)

25.2(18.1–40.5)

244

3.7 (2.0–6.9)

2.9 (1.4–5.8)

25.8 (20.7–31.7)

28.3 (23.0–34.2)

−42.5%

−4.8%

 Bonthe

196

1.0 (0–19.0)

13.7 (10.3–18.2)

56.5 (28.1–70.9)

62.7 (28.1–80.0)

251

2.8 (1.4–5.6)

1.2 (0.4–3.5)

33.1 (27.5–39.1)

34.7 (29.0–40.7)

41.0%

54.3%

 Kailahun

187

0.0 x(0.0–0.0)

0 (0–2.2)

49.8 (32.6–52.6)

49.8 (34.8–52.6)

298

3.4 (1.8–6.1)

0.7 (0.2–2.4)

9.7 (6.9–13.6)

12.4 (9.1–16.6)

79.1%

73.7%

 Kambia

223

13.6 (8.2–21.3)

0 (0–6.7)

22.5 (16.3–26.7)

35.8 24.5–48.3)

250

8.8 (5.9–13.0)

0.0 (0.0–1.5)

1.2 (0.4–3.5)

10.0 (6.9–14.3)

94.5%

73.5%

 Kenema

208

0 (0–6.1)

1.8 (0–3.3)

53.3 (41.5–66.7)

55.3 (41.5–69.7)

301

0.3 (0.1–1.9)

0.3 (0.1–1.9)

6.0 (3.8–9.3)

6.6 (4.3–10.0)

88.5%

88.1%

 Koinadugu

272

3.0 (0–8.6)

0 (0–3.0)

64.8 (53.7–95.1)

68.5(56.7–96.3)

300

7.7 (5.2–11.2)

0.0 (0.0–1.3)

14.0 (10.5–18.4)

20.0 (15.9–24.9)

80.9%

74.5%

 Kono

244

4.8 (3.2–6.9)

0 (0–1.6)

13.7 (8.1–15.5)

18.5 (11.3–20.7)

242

5.8 (3.5–9.5)

1.7 (0.6–4.2)

12.8 (9.2–17.6)

17.4 (13.1–22.6)

−0.8%

3.3%

 Moyamba

217

9.8 (6.6–12.7)

15.0 (3.4–30.2)

60.7 (42.6–70.9)

72.3 (45.9–80)

252

5.2 (3.0–8.6)

0.8 (0.2–2.8)

23.8 (19.0–29.4)

27.4 (22.2–33.2)

59.0%

66.8%

 Port Loko

173

11.0 (1.7–25)

0.9 (0–3.1)

46.4 (38.5–51.7)

53.3(50–56.1)

249

8.0 (5.3–12.1)

0.0 (0.0–1.5)

4.4 (2.5–7.7)

11.2 (7.9–15.8)

90.7%

81.0%

 Pujehun

198

13.4 (5.1–21.8)

3.5 (0–5.5)

42.7 (8.5–75.9)

53.6 (15.3–75.9)

252

6.3 (3.9–10.1)

0.4 (0.1–2.2)

18.7 (14.3–23.9)

21.8 (17.2–27.3)

50.0%

60.4%

 Tonkolili

280

7.0 (6.7–14.6)

2.2 (1.3–10)

24.7 (17.1–35.4)

3.3 (30–50)

301

4.3 (2.5–7.2)

1.3 (0.5–3.4)

31.2 (26.3–36.7)

33.2 (28.1–38.7)

−26.8%

9.8%

 WA-R

201

9.3 (4.5–13.2)

5.6 (3.6–8.4)

28.5 (25–44.7)

41.7 (31.8–60.5)

201

0.5 (0.1–2.8)

0.5 (0.1–2.8)

13.9 (9.8–19.4)

13.9 (9.8–19.4)

54.9%

70.0%

 WA-U

–

–

–

–

–

197

4.6 (2.4–8.5)

0.5 (0.1–2.8)

4.6 (2.4–8.5)

9.6 (6.3–14.6)

–

–

By Sex

 Male

1411

    

1844

4.1 (3.3–5.1)

1.0 (0.6–1.5)

18.8 (17.1–20.7)b

21.5 (19.7–23.4)b

–

–

 Female

1366

    

1788

4.6 (3.8–5.7)

0.5 (0.3–1.0)

10.9 (9.5–12.4)

14.9 (13.4–16.7)

–

–

By prevalence level

 Low

282

3.5 (1.9–6.4)

1.1 (0.4–3.1)

9.2 (6.4–13.2)

13.8 (10.3–18.3)

2092

2.0 (1.5–2.7)

0.3 (0.1–0.6)c

6.0 (5.0–7.1)d

8.3 (7.2–9.5)

34.8%

39.9%

 Moderate

1095

7.1 (5.7–8.8)

2.6 (1.9–3.8)

23.1 (20.7–25.7)

32.9 (30.2–35.7)

1241

4.7 (3.6–6.0)

1.0 (0.6–1.8)d

23.4 (21.2–25.9)d

29.2 (26.7–31.8)

−1.3%

11.2%

 High

1400

8.0 (6.7–9.5)

5.4 (4.4–6.7)

56.4 (53.7–58.9)

69.8 (67.3–72.1)

299

9.0 (6.3–12.8)

2.7 (1.4–5.2)c

42.1 (36.7–47.8)c

53.8 (48.2–59.4)

25.4%

22.9%

By Sites

 Sentinel

–

–

–

–

–

1305

3.9 (3.0–5.1)

0.5 (0.3–1.1)

13.3 (11.6–15.3)e

16.5 (14.6–18.6)e

–

–

 Non- Sentinel

–

–

–

–

–

2327

4.6 (3.8–5.5)

0.9 (0.6–1.3)

15.8 (14.4–17.4)

19.3 (17.7–20.9)

–

–

  1. * Data for prevalence of STH in 2008 are available in Koroma et al. [32] in which WA-R and WA-U were grouped into Western Area
  2. a Significantly reduced prevalence between 2008 versus 2016 (P < 0.001)
  3. b Significantly higher prevalence in males versus females in 2016 (P = 0.001)
  4. c No significant difference between baseline versus impact (P > 0.05)
  5. d Significantly reduced between baseline versus impact (P < 0.05)
  6. e No significant difference between sentinel and non-sentinel sites (P > 0.05)
  7. CI: Confidence interval; STH: Soil-transmitted helminth; WA-U: Western Area Urban; WA-R: Western Area Rural
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Infectious Diseases of Poverty

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