Imported malaria cases in former endemic and non-malaria endemic areas in China: are there differences in case profile and time to response?

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of imported malaria cases in China, 2013–2017

Demographic Characteristics	Number of cases reported				P value
	Former malaria endemic areas		Non malaria endemic areas
	Number	Proportion (%)	Number	Proportion (%)
Total Cases	16 090		643
Age					0.8
< 5 years	62	< 1	0	0
5–18 years	240	1	6	1
19–59 years	15 569	97	623	97
≥ 60 years	219	1	12	2
Gender					0.2
Male	15 172	94	598	93
Female	918	6	45	7
Occupation					< 0.001
Outdoor workers^a	12 370	80	180	29
Indoor workers^b	1613	10	246	39
Unclear^c	1532	10	197	32
Missing^d	575	–	20	–
Destination of overseas travel					< 0.001
Africa	12 436	80	475	94
Southeast Asia/South Asia	3011	19	16	3
South America	24	0	0	0
Oceania	137	1	15	3
Other: West/East Asia	4	0	0	0
Missing^d	478	–	137	–
Plasmodium species					< 0.001
P. vivax	3928	24	64	10
P. falciparum	10 278	64	481	75
P. malariae	300	2	11	2
P. ovale	1297	8	16	2
P. falciparum + P. ovale	105	1	1	0
P. falciparum + P. vivax	146	1	3	0
Undiagnosed/missing	36	0	67	10
Fatal outcome
Death reported	76	0	14	2	–

-: Not applicable
^aOutdoor workers: persons whose activity is mostly conducted outside. This includes Architectural engineers, Construction workers, Farmers, Fishermen, Overseas migrant worker (Expatriate Chinese nationals), Open mine workers, Sailors/Truck drivers, Field engineers, Herdsmen, Militaries/Soldiers, etc.
^bIndoor workers: work mostly indoor, including: Businessmen, Caterers, Interpreters, Medical staff, Office workers, Teachers, Actors, Flight attendants, Baby-sitters, Middlemen, Cooks, Diplomats, Financial staff, Journalists, Underground mine workers, Prisoners (although not a “worker” per se, a prisoner is officially classified as an indoor worker since his/her time is spent indoor), Researchers, Waiters, etc.
^cUnclear: the risk exposure cannot clearly be estimated. Children, Retirees, self-employees, Students, Unemployed people, Sportsmen and Sportswomen, Tourists, etc.
^dmissing data were not included into statistical analysis

ISSN: 2049-9957