Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of study participants, 397 (100%)
Characteristic | Total (397, 100%) | Community members (163, 41.0%) | TB presumptives (127, 32.0%) | TB patients (107, 27.0%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic data | |||||
 District | |||||
  BCM | 275 (69.3) | 121 (74.2) | 86 (67.7) | 68 (63.6) | 0.16 |
  Zululand | 122 (30.7) | 42 (25.8) | 41 (32.3) | 39 (36.5) | |
 Language | |||||
  English | 77 (19.4) | 39 (23.9) | 29 (22.8) | 9 (8.4) | 0.01 |
  IsiXhosa | 121 (30.5) | 43 (26.4) | 39 (30.7) | 39 (36.5) | |
  Afrikaans | 77 (19.4) | 39 (23.9) | 18 (14.2) | 20 (18.7) | |
  IsiZulu | 122 (30.7) | 42 (25.8) | 41 (32.3) | 39 (36.5) | |
 Gender | |||||
  Male | 188 (47.4) | 78 (47.8) | 57 (44.9) | 53 (49.5) | 0.77 |
  Female | 209 (52.6) | 85 (52.2) | 70 (55.1) | 54 (50.5) | |
Age, mean (IQR) | 33 (17) | 31 (16) | 34 (17) | 35 (16) | 0.43 |
 Race | |||||
  Black | 284 (71.5) | 106 (65.0) | 97 (76.4) | 81 (75.7) | 0.056 |
  Non-black | 113 (28.5) | 57 (35.0) | 30 (23.6) | 26 (24.3) | |
 Relationship status | |||||
  Union | 136 (34.3) | 62 (38.0) | 38 (30.0) | 36 (33.6) | 0.35 |
  Non-union | 261 (65.7) | 101 (62.0) | 89 (70.0) | 71 (66.4) | |
 Employment status | |||||
  Employed | 170 (42.9) | 74 (45.4) | 49 (38.6) | 47 (44.3) | 0.48 |
  Unemployed | 226 (57.1) | 89 (54.6) | 78 (61.4) | 59 (55.7) | |
 Community type | |||||
  Rural/farming area | 106 (26.8) | 37 (22.8) | 34 (26.8) | 35 (32.7) | 0.20 |
  Small town | 290 (73.2) | 125 (77.2) | 93 (73.2) | 72 (67.3) | |
 Education | |||||
  12th grade and above | 167 (42.1) | 74 (45.4) | 54 (42.5) | 39 (36.5) | 0.34 |
  Below 12th grade | 230 (57.9) | 89 (54.6) | 73 (57.5) | 68 (63.5) | |
 Income | |||||
  < ZAR 5000 | 300 (75.6) | 112 (68.7) | 102 (80.3) | 86 (80.4) | 0.03 |
  ≥ ZAR 5000 | 97 (24.4) | 51 (31.3) | 25 (19.7) | 21 (19.6) | |
TB knowledge | |||||
 Causes of TB** | |||||
  Poor understanding | 171 (43.1) | 63 (38.6) | 66 (52.0) | 42 (39.3) | 0.07 |
  Mixed understanding | 66 (16.6) | 26 (16.0) | 16 (12.6) | 24 (22.4) | |
  Good understanding | 160 (40.3) | 74 (45.4) | 45 (35.4) | 41 (38.3) | |
 TB/HIV knowledge | |||||
  HIV increase chances of TB | |||||
  Yes | 340 (85.6) | 142 (87.1) | 108 (85.0) | 90 (84.1) | 0.77 |
  No | 57 (14.4) | 21 (12.9) | 19 (15.0) | 17 (15.9) | |
  TB increase chances of HIV | |||||
  Yes | 182 (45.8) | 74 (45.4) | 61 (48.0) | 47 (43.9) | 0.81 |
  No | 215 (54.2) | 89 (54.6) | 66 (52.0) | 60 (56.1) | |
Clinical data | |||||
 TB contacts | |||||
  Yes | 153 (38.5) | 54 (33.1) | 59 (46.5) | 40 (37.4) | 0.07 |
  No | 244 (61.5) | 109 (66.9) | 68 (53.5) | 67 (62.6) | |
 Ever had TB | |||||
  Yes | 65 (16.5) | 21 (13.0) | 23 (18.3) | 21 (19.6) | 0.30 |
  No | 329 (83.5) | 140 (87.0) | 103 (81.7) | 86 (80.4) | |
 HIV status* | |||||
  Positive | 138 (34.7) | 36 (22.1) | 49 (38.6) | 53 (49.5) | 0.00 |
  Negative | 196 (49.4) | 96 (58.9) | 59 (46.4) | 41 (38.3) | |
  Unknown/no test | 63 (15.9) | 31 (19.0) | 19 (15.0) | 13 (12.2) | |
 HIV stigma, mean ± SD | |||||
  Community and presumptive range: 0–27 |  | 4.48 ± 3.4 | 5.55 ± 4.1 | – |  |
  Patient range: 0–42 |  | – | – | 17.27 ± 7.3 |  |
 Mental health, mean ± SD | |||||
  Range: 0–24 |  | – | 5.43 ± 5.1 | 4.94 ± 4.6 |  |
 Social support, mean ± SD | |||||
  Range: 12–84 |  | 67.9 ± 9.3 | 63.9 ± 11.5 | 63.5 ± 11.0 | 0.00 |