Table 5 Crude and multivariable analysis investigating correlates of community stigma scores among tuberculosis (TB) patients
TB patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Crude analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
Community stigma score | ||||
\(\beta\)Â (95% CI) | P-value | \(\beta\)Â (95% CI) | P-value | |
District | ||||
 Zululand | 2.47 (0.74, 4.75) | 0.01 | 0.99 (− 2.71, 4.69) | 0.60 |
Gender | ||||
 Male | − 0.52 (− 2.51, 1.47) | 0.61 | − 0.64 (− 1.99, 0.71) | 0.46 |
Age | 0.013 (-0.077, 0.10) | 0.78 | Â | Â |
Race | ||||
 Black | − 2.44 (− 4.71, − 0.18) | 0.03 | − 2.90 (− 4.74, − 1.04) | 0.00 |
Relationship | ||||
 Union | 0.72 (− 1.38, 2.82) | 0.50 |  |  |
Employment | ||||
 Employed | − 0.22 (− 2.23, 1.79) | 0.83 |  |  |
Community type | ||||
 Rural/farming | 3.81 (1.81, 5.81) | 0.00 | 1.30 (− 2.70, 5.30) | 0.52 |
Education | ||||
 12th grade and above | − 0.14 (− 2.22, 1.93) | 0.89 |  |  |
Income | ||||
 ≥ ZAR 5000 | − 2.90 (− 5.33, − 0.48) | 0.02 | 0.20 (− 1.56, 1.95) | 0.83 |
Causes of TB* | ||||
 Good understanding | − 1.64 (− 3.65, 0.37) | 0.11 | − 1.26, (− 2.82, 0.31) | 0.11 |
 Mixed understanding | − 6.33 (− 8.46, -4.02) | 0.00 | − 2.93 (− 4.92, − 0.94) | 0.00 |
 Poor understanding | REF | REF | ||
TB/HIV knowledge | ||||
 TB increases chance of HIV | 4.42 (2.61, 6.24) | 0.00 | 2.48 (1.05, 3.90) | 0.00 |
 HIV increases chance of TB | 0.47 (− 2.30, 3.25) | 0.74 |  |  |
TB contacts | 169 (− 0.33, 3.72) | 0.10 | 0.70 (− 0.69, 2.10) | 0.32 |
 Ever having TB | 0.47 (− 2.08, 3.00) | 0.72 |  |  |
 HIV status | ||||
  Positive | − 1.12 (− 4.27, 2.04) | 0.49 |  |  |
  Negative | 0.36 (− 2.89, 3.61) | 0.83 |  |  |
  Unknown/no test | REF |  | ||
 HIV stigma | 0.38 (0.26, 0.50) | 0.00 | 0.32 (0.21, 0.42) | 0.00 |
 Social support | − 0.22 (− 0.30, − 0.14) | 0.00 | − 0.054 (− 0.12, 0.016) | 0.13 |