|  | Hopelessness | Loneliness | Depression | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |||||||
 | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
Age, years | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 < 20 | 359 | 31 | 8.6 | 20 | 5.5 | 26 | 7.2 | 29 | 8.0 | 28 | 7.9 | 25 | 7.0 |
 20–29 | 1464 | 416 | 28.4 | 506 | 34.6 | 403 | 27.5 | 541 | 37.0 | 397 | 27.2 | 509 | 34.8 |
 30–39 | 504 | 46 | 9.0 | 67 | 13.3 | 50 | 9.9 | 59 | 11.8 | 41 | 8.2 | 67 | 13.4 |
 40–49 | 910 | 179 | 19.7 | 161 | 17.7 | 193 | 21.2 | 132 | 14.5 | 187 | 20.5 | 156 | 17.1 |
 50–59 | 699 | 109 | 15.6 | 89 | 12.7 | 109 | 15.6 | 88 | 12.6 | 114 | 16.4 | 87 | 12.4 |
 60–69 | 388 | 32 | 8.2 | 31 | 7.9 | 32 | 8.1 | 31 | 8.0 | 32 | 8.1 | 31 | 8.1 |
 70–79 | 351 | 28 | 7.9 | 22 | 6.2 | 28 | 8.1 | 20 | 5.8 | 30 | 8.7 | 20 | 5.7 |
 80+ | 113 | 3 | 2.5 | 2 | 2.1 | 3 | 2.4 | 3 | 2.4 | 3 | 3.0 | 2 | 1.5 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 2248 | 1109 | 49.3 | 955 | 42.5 | 1049 | 46.7 | 1069 | 47.6 | 1113 | 49.5 | 984 | 43.8 |
 Female | 2540 | 1287 | 50.7 | 1461 | 57.5 | 1355 | 53.3 | 1332 | 52.4 | 1282 | 50.5 | 1428 | 56.2 |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Not married | 1937 | 771 | 39.8 | 807 | 41.7 | 713 | 36.8 | 931 | 48.1 | 739 | 38.1 | 839 | 43.3 |
 Married | 2851 | 1716 | 60.2 | 1663 | 58.3 | 1802 | 63.2 | 1481 | 51.9 | 1764 | 61.9 | 1616 | 56.7 |
Living arrangement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Alone | 418 | 33 | 7.9 | 43 | 10.3 | 33 | 7.8 | 44 | 10.6 | 35 | 8.4 | 38 | 9.2 |
 With family | 437 | 403 | 92.1 | 392 | 89.7 | 403 | 92.2 | 391 | 89.4 | 400 | 91.6 | 397 | 90.8 |
Annual household income (CNY) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 < 10 000 | 2074 | 860 | 41.5 | 971 | 46.8 | 871 | 42.0 | 956 | 46.1 | 893 | 43.1 | 905 | 43.6 |
 10 000–20 000 | 1735 | 642 | 37.0 | 603 | 34.8 | 630 | 36.3 | 627 | 36.1 | 625 | 36.0 | 634 | 36.5 |
 20 000–30 000 | 579 | 72 | 12.4 | 66 | 11.5 | 74 | 12.8 | 62 | 10.7 | 73 | 12.6 | 67 | 11.5 |
 30 000–40 000 | 193 | 8 | 4.0 | 8 | 4.1 | 8 | 4.0 | 8 | 4.2 | 7 | 3.7 | 9 | 4.4 |
 > 40 000 | 207 | 11 | 5.1 | 6 | 2.9 | 10 | 5.0 | 6 | 3.0 | 10 | 4.7 | 8 | 3.9 |
Occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 White-collar | 1317 | 370 | 28.1 | 347 | 26.4 | 371 | 28.2 | 345 | 26.2 | 372 | 28.3 | 350 | 26.6 |
 Blue-collar | 890 | 163 | 18.4 | 169 | 19.0 | 172 | 19.3 | 153 | 17.2 | 172 | 19.3 | 158 | 17.8 |
 Student/unemployed | 2581 | 1381 | 53.5 | 1410 | 54.6 | 1357 | 52.6 | 1463 | 56.7 | 1353 | 52.4 | 1438 | 55.7 |
Smoke | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 3867 | 3118 | 80.6 | 3133 | 81.0 | 3152 | 81.5 | 3064 | 79.2 | 3114 | 80.5 | 2526 | 81.0 |
 Yes | 921 | 178 | 19.4 | 175 | 19.0 | 170 | 18.5 | 191 | 20.8 | 179 | 19.5 | 34 | 19.0 |
Alcohol | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 339 | 240 | 70.9 | 240 | 70.7 | 241 | 71.2 | 237 | 70.0 | 239 | 70.6 | 171 | 71.0 |
 Yes | 1398 | 408 | 29.2 | 409 | 29.3 | 403 | 28.8 | 420 | 30.0 | 411 | 29.4 | 118 | 29.0 |
NCDs | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No | 371 | 290 | 78.3 | 282 | 76.1 | 288 | 77.5 | 287 | 77.4 | 288 | 77.7 | 224 | 77.3 |
 Yes | 1078 | 234 | 21.8 | 258 | 24.0 | 242 | 22.5 | 244 | 22.6 | 241 | 22.3 | 53 | 22.7 |
Residency | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Urban | 1723 | 623 | 36.1 | 615 | 35.7 | 606 | 35.2 | 650 | 37.7 | 630 | 36.6 | 220 | 35.3 |
 Rural | 3065 | 1958 | 63.9 | 1970 | 64.3 | 1988 | 64.9 | 1909 | 62.3 | 1944 | 63.4 | 1267 | 64.7 |
Province/municipality | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hunan | 791 | 139 | 17.5 | 116 | 14.7 | 141 | 17.9 | 108 | 13.7 | 144 | 18.3 | 20 | 14.4 |
 Hubei | 672 | 74 | 11.0 | 133 | 19.8 | 85 | 12.6 | 114 | 17.0 | 66 | 9.8 | 14 | 19.2 |
 Shanxi | 728 | 113 | 15.5 | 106 | 14.6 | 108 | 14.9 | 116 | 15.9 | 112 | 15.4 | 17 | 15.0 |
 Chongqing | 703 | 119 | 16.9 | 74 | 10.6 | 117 | 16.6 | 75 | 10.7 | 122 | 17.3 | 14 | 11.4 |
 Gansu | 334 | 26 | 7.9 | 18 | 5.3 | 25 | 7.4 | 20 | 6.0 | 27 | 8.0 | 2 | 5.8 |
 Fujian | 280 | 17 | 6.1 | 15 | 5.5 | 18 | 6.5 | 13 | 4.5 | 16 | 5.8 | 1 | 6.0 |
 Zhejiang | 587 | 76 | 12.9 | 65 | 11.0 | 73 | 12.4 | 70 | 12.0 | 75 | 12.8 | 9 | 11.6 |
 Guangdong | 693 | 85 | 12.3 | 129 | 18.6 | 81 | 11.7 | 140 | 20.2 | 88 | 12.7 | 14 | 16.7 |