Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19: a cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan Province, Northern of Iran

Table 7 Effects of constructs of the health belief model, fatalistic beliefs, and demographic variables on preventive behaviors from COVID-19

	Univariate analysis				Multivariate analysis
	Estimation	Confidence interval	Standardized estimation	P-value	Estimation	Confidence interval	Standardized estimation	P-value
Perceived self-efficacy	0.12	0.1 to 0.14	0.37	< 0.001	0.005	0.03 to 0.06	0.22	< 0.001
Perceived susceptibility	− 0.016	− 0.03 to 0.001	− 0.06	0.067	− 0.006	− 0.02 to 0.01	− 0.02	0.45
Perceived severity	− 0.02	− 0.02 to 0.06	0.04	0.3	0.03	− 0.002 to 0.06	0.065	0.068
Perceived barriers	− 0.21	− 0.24 to − 0.19	− 0.51	< 0.001	− 0.14	− 0.18 to − 0.11	− 0.36	< 0.001
Perceived benefits	0.2	0.17 to 0.23	0.4	< 0.001	0.07	0.03 to 0.11	0.14	0.001
Fatalism	− 0.4	− 0.44 to − 0.34	− 0.46	< 0.001	− 0.16	− 0.23 to − 0.09	− 0.19	< 0.001
Cues to action	0.025	0.009 to 0.04	0.11	0.002	0.01	− 0.01 to 0.04	0.04	0.4
Recognition of clinical symptom of the disease	− 0.016	− 0.1 to 0.06	− 0.01	0.7	0.07	0.00 to 0.13	0.06	0.051
Gender = men–women	− 0.13	− 0.086 to − 0.18	− 0.2	< 0.001	− 0.06	− 0.08 to − 0.04	− 0.42	< 0.001
Place of residence = urban–rural	− 0.09	− 0.15 to 0.034	− 0.11	0.002	− 0.06	0.03 to 0.09	0.24	< 0.001
Age	− 0.01	− 0.01 to 0.02	− 0.02	0.55	0.001	− 0.005 to 0.01	− 0.014	0.76

ISSN: 2049-9957