Table 2 Multiple parasite prevalence (95% CI) as influenced by demographic and behavioural factors
Characteristic | Category | n | Schistosoma haematobium + Plasmodium | S. haematobium + P. falciparum + STH | S. haematobium + STH | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | |||
Sex | Male | 319 | 18 | 5.6 (3.6–8.8) | 3 | 0.9 (0.3–2.7) | 5 | 1.6 (0.7–3.6) |
Female | 319 | 32 | 10.0 (7.2–13.9) | 3 | 0.9 (0.3–2.7) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–1.2) | |
P value | 0.039 | 1.00 | 0.025 | |||||
Age group in years | 4–6 | 94 | 6 | 6.4 (3.0–13.3) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–3.9) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–3.9) |
7–10 | 386 | 29 | 7.5 (5.5–10.6) | 5 | 1.3 (0.6–3.0) | 3 | 0.8 (0.3–2.3) | |
11–14 | 158 | 15 | 9.5 (5.8–15.1) | 1 | 0.6 (0.1–3.5) | 2 | 1.3 (0.4–4.5) | |
P value | 0.628 | 0.455 | 0.545 | |||||
Site | Bafia | 99 | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–3.7) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–3.7) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–3.7) |
Ikata | 148 | 2 | 1.4 (0.4–4.8) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.5) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.5) | |
Likoko | 391 | 48 | 12.3 (9.4–15.9) | 6 | 1.5 (0.7–3.3) | 5 | 1.3 (0.6–3.0) | |
P value | < 0.001 | 0.48 | 0.204 | |||||
Use of potable water (tap) source | Yes | 142 | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.6) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.6) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.6) |
No | 496 | 50 | 10.1 (7.7–13.0) | 6 | 1.2 (0.0–2.6) | 5 | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | |
P value | < 0.001 | 0.188 | 0.230 | |||||
Bathing site | Home | 140 | 2 | 1.4 (0.4–5.1) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.7) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–2.7) |
Stream | 479 | 48 | 10.0 (7.6–13.0) | 6 | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | 5 | 1.0 (0.5–2.4) | |
Both | 19 | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–16.8) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–16.8) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–16.8) | |
P value | 0.002 | 0.366 | 0.433 | |||||
Distance to water source | Far (> 200 m) | 308 | 23 | 7.5 (5.0–11.0) | 5 | 1.6 (0.7–3.7) | 1 | 0.3 (0.1–1.8) |
Near (< 200 m) | 330 | 27 | 8.2 (5.7–11.6) | 1 | 0.3 (0.1–1.7) | 4 | 1.2 (0.5–3.2) | |
Test | 0.737 | 0.084 | 0.204 | |||||
Nature of house | Plank | 578 | 45 | 7.8 (5.9–10.3) | 6 | 1.0 (0.5–2.3) | 5 | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) |
Block | 60 | 5 | 8.3 (3.6–18.1) | 0 | 0 0 (0.0–6.0) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–6.0) | |
Test | 0.881 | 0.428 | 0.470 | |||||
Open defecation behaviour | Yes | 557 | 49 | 8.8 (6.7–11.4) | 6 | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) | 5 | 0.9 (0.4–2.1) |
No | 81 | 1 | 1.2 (0.2–6.7) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–4.5) | 0 | 0 0 (0.0–4.5) | |
P value | 0.018 | 0.348 | 0.392 | |||||
BMI | Normal | 535 | 42 | 7.9 (5.9–10.5) | 5 | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 4 | 0.7 (0.9–3.2) |
Thin | 23 | 1 | 4.3 (0.7–21.0) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–14.3) | 0 | 0.0 (0.0–14.3) | |
Obese | 75 | 5 | 6.7 (2.9–14.7) | 1 | 1.3 (0.2–7.2) | 1 | 1.3 (0.2–7.2) | |
P value | 0.783 | 0.844 | 0.692 | |||||