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Table 1 Comparison of clinical features and laboratory results between HBV-ACLF patients with and without bacterial infections

From: The role of prophylactic antibiotics in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients at risk of bacterial infection: a retrospective study

 

Patients without bacterial infection (n = 43)

Patients with bacterial infection (n = 97)

P-value

Clinical data

   

 Age (years)

49 (37–56)

46 (38–56)

0.271

 Male sex, % (n)

100 (43)

86.6 (84)

0.010

 Underlying disease, % (n)

  

0.995

  Chronic hepatitis B

46.5 (20)

47.4 (46)

–

  Compensated cirrhosis

32.6 (14)

32.0 (31)

–

  Deompensated cirrhosis

20.9 (9)

20.6 (20)

–

 Complications, % (n)

   

  Ascites

48.8 (21)

78.4 (76)

0.001

  GI hemorrhage

0 (0)

10.3 (10)

0.031

 Glucocorticoids, % (n)

30.2 (13)

29.9 (29)

0.968

 Prophylactic antibiotics, % (n)

67.4 (29)

21.2 (22)

0.000

Laboratory data

   

 Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)

737 (251–1629)

529 (180–1238)

0.178

 Albumin (g/L)

32 (29–36)

32 (29–37)

0.087

 Total bilirubin (μmol/L)

190.3 (133.0–254.1)

270.27 (183.0–342.6)

0.003

 Creatinine (μmol/L)

65 (55–75)

70 (57–91)

0.136

 Sodium (mmol/L)

139.0 (134–140)

135 (131–138)

0.006

 White blood cell count (109/L)

5.4 (4.37–7.92)

7.08 (5.28–10.51)

0.036

 Neutrophil count (109/L)

3.58 (2.60–5.92)

5.76 (3.70–7.85)

0.008

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

133 (121–147)

121 (95–136)

0.001

 Platelet count (109/L)

98 (74–131)

91 (67–123)

0.308

 INR

1.85 (1.70–2.26)

2.25 (1.85–2.75)

0.001

 LMR

1.93 (1.27–2.74)

1.44 (1.01–2.07)

0.056

 NLR

3.03 (2.00–5.49)

5.19 (3.43–8.40)

0.003

 DIC score

4 (3–5)

5 (4–6)

0.001

Organ failure, % (n)

   

 Liver

69.8 (30)

87.6 (85)

0.011

 Coagulation

18.6 (8)

44.3 (43)

0.004

 Kidney

14.0 (6)

15.5 (15)

0.817

 Cerebral

9.3 (4)

22.7 (22)

0.060

 Lung

4.7 (2)

9.3 (9)

0.348

 Circulation

4.7 (2)

19.6 (19)

0.022

Transplant-free survival probability (%)

   

 28-day

86.0

54.5

0.000

 90-day

83.1

43.1

0.000

  1. Data are expressed as the median (interquartile range) or percent (number). Bold numbers represent significant difference (P < 0.05)
  2. ACLF acute-on-chronic liver failure, HBV Hepatitis B virus, HBV-ACLF Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, GI gastrointestinal, INR international normalized ratio, LMR lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation