Table 1 Included studies of HBV, HCV and HBV/HCV co-infections in prisoners with HIV
Row | Author year | Country | WHO regions | Design | Mean age | Number of prisoners living with HIV | Number of people with HBV co-infection | HBV co-infection prevalence (95% CI)* | Number of people with HCV co-infection | HCV co-infection prevalence (95% CI)* | Quality of study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Smith et al. [66] 1991 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 29.4 | 90 | 3 | 3.3 (1.0 -9.2) | - | - | High |
2 | Vlahov et al. [31] 1993 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 23 | - | - | 20 | 86.9 (68.1–95.0) | Medium |
3 | Bulter et al. [19] 1997 | Australia | Western Pacific | Cross-sectional | 30.6 (10.1) | 408 | 125 | 30.6 (26.3 -35.1) | 150 | 36.7 (32.0–42.4) | High |
4 | Spain | Europe | Cross-sectional | 27.2 (5.4) | 156 | 5 | 3.2 (1.0–7.1) | 9 | 5.7 (3.2–10.9) | Medium | |
5 | Massed et al. [20] 1999 | Brazil | America | Cross-sectional | 30.8 | 211 | - | - | 75 | 35.5 (29.3–41.8) | Medium |
6 | Guimarães et al. [22] 2001 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 30.2 | 105 | - | - | 54 | 51.4 (423–61.4) | High |
7 | Quaglio et al. [24] 2003 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | 30 (7) | 133 | - | - | 128 | 96.2 (91.9–98.0) | Medium |
8 | Baillargeon et al. [23] 2003 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 46 | - | - | 24 | 52.1 (38.0–65.7) | Medium |
9 | Solomon et al. [26] 2004 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 220 | - | - | 144 | 65.4 (59.2–71.1) | Low |
10 | Rui Passadouro et al. [25] 2004 | Portugal | Europe | Cross-sectional | 32.3 | 47 | 38 | 87.2 (75.0–94.3) | 41 | 80.8 (67.2–90.0) | Low |
11 | Hoya et al. [27] 2005 | Spain | Europe | Cross-sectional | 34.2 (6.2) | 146 | - | - | 137 | 93.8 (88.8–97.2) | Low |
12 | Babudieri et al. [65] 2005 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | 36 | 73 | 54 | 74.0 (63.1–83.4) | 59 | 81.2 (70.1–88.0) | Medium |
13 | Khodabakhsi et al. [28] 2007 | Iran | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | - | 7 | 1 | 14.2 (3.0–51.3) | 3 | 42.8 (16.1–75.0) | High |
14 | Calzavara et al. [29] 2007 | Canada | America | Cross-sectional | - | 25 | - | - | 17 | 68.0 (48.1–83.4) | Medium |
15 | Poulin et al. [30] 2007 | Canada | America | Cross-sectional | - | 54 | - | - | 35 | 64.8 (51.3–76.1) | Medium |
16 | Baillargeon et al. [32] 2008 | USA | America | Prospective cohort | - | 6168 | 312 | 5.0 (4.9–6.3) | 2275 | 36.8 (36.0–38.1) | Low |
17 | Barros et al. [33] 2008 | Portugal | Europe | Cross-sectional | - | 41 | - | - | 20 | 48.7 (34.0–59.7) | High |
18 | 2008 | Italy | Europe | Prospective cohort | - | 164 | 11 | 6.7 (4.3–12.1) | 149 | 90.0 (85.3–94.2) | Low |
19 | Davoodian et al. [36] 2009 | Iran | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | 35.4 (8.4) | 38 | 3 | 7.8 (3.0–20.8) | 36 | 94.7 (83.2–99.0) | Low |
20 | Hennessey et al. [37] 2009 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 168 | 14 | 8.3 (5.2–14.0) | 64 | 38.0 (31.1–46.2) | High |
21 | Rosen et al. [38] 2009 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 718 | - | - | 487 | 67.8 (63.8 -71.0) | Medium |
22 | Adoga et al. [64] 2009 | Nigeria | Africa | Cross-sectional | 29.2 | 54 | 8 | 14.8 (8.0–27.2) | - | - | Medium |
23 | Chu et al. [35] 2009 | Taiwan | Western Pacific | Cross-sectional | 31.4 (7.2) | 52 | 6 | 11.5 (5.0–23.3) | 51 | 98.0 (90.1–99.9) | Medium |
24 | Sánchez et al. [39] 2009 | Taiwan | Europe | Cross-sectional | - | 188 | - | - | 167 | 88.8 (83.7–93.7) | High |
25 | Nelwan et al. [41] 2010 | Indonesia | South East Asia | Cross-sectional | 28.9 | 63 | 2 | 3.1 (1.0–11.2) | 52 | 82.5 (71.3–90.4) | Medium |
26 | Hosseini et al. [40] 2010 | Iran | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | - | 102 | - | - | 100 | 98.0 (93.0–99.4) | Medium |
27 | Mir-Nasseri et al. [43] 2011 | Iran | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | 35.85 | 63 | 3 | 4.7 (2.0–12.9) | 56 | 88.8 (79.3–95.0) | High |
28 | Nafees et al. [44] 2011 | Pakistan | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | - | 99 | 1 | 1.0 (0.1–6.2) | 73 | 74.7 (64.2–81.0) | High |
29 | Da Siva et al. [42] 2011 | Portugal | Europe | Cross-sectional | 34.1 (10.8) | 10 | - | - | 8 | 80.0 (49.1–94.1) | Low |
30 | Marco et al. [45] 2012 | Spain | Europe | Cross-sectional | 35.7 (10.3) | 40 | 2 | 5.0 (1.0–17.2) | 34 | 85.0 (71.0–93.0) | Medium |
31 | Prasetyo et al. [48] 2013 | Indonesia | South East Asia | Cross-sectional | 32.3 | 18 | - | - | 15 | 83.3 (61.0–93.8) | Low |
32 | Semaille et al. [49] 2013 | France | Europe | Cross-sectional | 34 (0.56) | 26 | - | - | 2 | 7.6 (2.3–24.1) | Medium |
33 | Mourino et al. [46] 2013 | Spain | Europe | Cross-sectional | 34.4 (7.4) | 47 | 3 | 6.3 (1.9–17.0) | 30 | 63.8 (50.0–76.4) | High |
34 | Brandolini et al. [47] 2013 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | 43.2 (11.18) | 67 | - | - | 60 | 89.5 (80.2–95.0) | High |
35 | Azbel et al. [9] 2013 | Ukraine | Europe | Cross-sectional | 31.9 | 78 | - | - | 72 | 92.3 (84.0–96.5) | High |
36 | Alvareza et al. [6] 2014 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 37.4 (10.9) | 119 | - | - | 47 | 39.4 (31.0–48.0) | Medium |
37 | Marco et al.[10] 2014 | Spain | Europe | Prospective cohort | 39.7 (11) | 46 | - | - | 19 | 41.3 (28.5–56.0) | High |
38 | Rodriguez et al. [50] 2014 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 39 | 37 | - | - | 31 | 83.7 (69.4–92.3) | Medium |
39 | Escudero et al. [51] 2014 | Afghanistan | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | - | 39 | - | - | 37 | 94.8 (82.7–99.0) | Low |
40 | Chan et al. [52] 2015 | United Kingdom | Europe | Cross-sectional | - | 151 | 5 | 3.3 (1.0–8.0) | 33 | 21.8 (16.5–29.2) | Low |
41 | Farhoudi et al. [54] 2016 | Iran | Eastern Mediterranean | Cross-sectional | - | 85 | 3 | 3.5 (1.5–10.2) | 50 | 58.8 (48.0–69.2) | High |
42 | Sanarico et al. [56] 2016 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | - | 69 | 8 | 11.5.00 (5.6–21.1) | 8 | 11.5 (6.0–20.9) | Medium |
43 | 2016 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | - | 365 | 25 | 6.8 (5.1–10.3) | 291 | 89.7 (74.9–84.3) | High |
44 | Gabriel et al. [53] 2016 | Malaysia | Western Pacific | Cross-sectional | 35.2 (10.1) | 221 | - | - | 200 | 90.4 (86.0–94.2) | High |
45 | 2017 | Italy | Europe | Cross-sectional | 45.7 | 85 | 2 | 2.3 (1.3–8.5) | 46 | 54.1 (44.1–64.0) | High |
46 | Puga et al. [61] 2017 | Brazil | America | Cross-sectional | 32 (10) | 54 | - | - | 5 | 9.2 (4.0–20.4) | Medium |
47 | Retana et al. [62] 2017 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 33.28 | 18 | - | - | 2 | 11.1 (3.4–33.1) | Medium |
48 | Flor et al. [59] 2017 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 30 | - | - | 6 | 20.0 (10.0–37.0) | Medium |
49 | Baillargeon et al. [7] 2017 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | 37 (11.3) | 2960 | - | - | 708 | 23.9 (21.7–25.5) | Medium |
50 | Akiyama et al. [57] 2017 | USA | America | Cross-sectional | - | 1197 | - | - | 331 | 27.6 (24.8–30.3) | Medium |
51 | Prestileo et al. [60] 2017 | Italy | Europe | Prospective cohort | 35.5 | 30 | 4 | 13.3 (5.0–30.2) | 16 | 53.3 (36.5–70.1) | Medium |
52 | Kivimets et al. [63] 2018 | Estonia | Europe | Cross-sectional | 34.1 (10.92) | 469 | - | - | 379 | 81.8 (77.0–84.3) | Medium |