Table 1 Socio-demographic comparison between scrub typhus cases and controls, Khanh Hoa, August 2018–March 2020
From: Ecological and behavioural risk factors of scrub typhus in central Vietnam: a case-control study
| Variables | Cases (n = 44) n (%) | Controls (n = 152) n (%) | P-value | mOR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group, years | ||||
| ≤ 30 | 12 (27.3%) | 45 (29.6%) | – | – |
| 31–40 | 11 (25.0%) | 27 (17.8%) | 0.29 | 1.9 (0.6–6.4) |
| 41–50 | 13 (29.6%) | 47 (30.9%) | 0.78 | 1.2 (0.3–5.3) |
| ≥ 51 | 8 (18.2%) | 33 (21.7%) | 0.98 | 1.0 (0.2–6.5) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 27 (61.4%) | 65 (42.8%) | 0.05 | 2.0 (1.0–4.1) |
| Female | 17 (38.6%) | 87 (57.2%) | – | – |
| Ethical group | ||||
| Kinh | 38 (86.4%) | 125 (82.8%) | 0.35 | 1.8 (0.6–5.9) |
| Others | 6 (13.6%) | 26 (17.2%) | – | – |
| Education | ||||
| Illiteracy | 2 (4.7%) | 10 (6.6%) | – | – |
| Primary school | 16 (37.2%) | 35 (23.0%) | 0.34 | 2.3 (0.4–12.4) |
| Secondary school | 11 (25.6%) | 60 (39.5%) | 0.87 | 0.9 (0.2–4.7) |
| High school | 11 (25.6%) | 30 (19.7%) | 0.56 | 1.6 (0.3–8.7) |
| University and higher | 3 (7.0%) | 17 (11.2%) | 0.69 | 0.7 (0.1–5.0) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Not related field/sea/sand | 16 (36.4%) | 78 (51.3%) | – | – |
| Farmer | 4 (9.1%) | 32 (21.1%) | 0.17 | 0.6 (0.4–2.1) |
| Gardening, growing vegetables | 4 (9.1%) | 6 (4.0%) | 0.11 | 3.5 (0.8–16.0) |
| Working in forests/ mountain fields | 12 (27.3%) | 17 (11.2%) | 0.006 | 4.5 (1.5–12.9) |
| Others | 8 (18.8%) | 19 (12.5%) | 0.24 | 1.9 (0.7–5.4) |
| Number of people living in same household | ||||
| 1–3 people/household | 9 (20.5%) | 40 (26.5%) | – | – |
| 4–5 people/household | 22 (50.0%) | 75 (49.7%) | 0.43 | 1.4 (0.6–3.5) |
| ≥ 6 people/household | 13 (29.6%) | 36 (23.8%) | 0.30 | 1.7 (0.6–4.8) |
| History of scrub typhus | ||||
| Participants 2 years prior to study | ||||
| Yes | 4 (9.1%) | 2 (1.3%) | 0.02 | 7.3 (1.3–39.9) |
| No | 40 (90.9%) | 150 (98.7%) | – | – |
| Family members 2 years prior to study | ||||
| Yes | 2 (4.7%) | 5 (3.3%) | 0.64 | 1.5 (0.3–8.5) |
| No | 41 (95.4%) | 147 (96.7%) | – | – |
| Number of years living in same house | ||||
| ≤ 1 year | 2 (4.6%) | 2 (1.3%) | – | – |
| 2–3 years | 2 (4.6%) | 6 (4.0%) | 0.48 | 0.4 (0.04–4.6) |
| ≥ 4 years | 40 (90.9%) | 144 (94.7%) | 0.22 | 0.3 (0.04–2.1) |