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Table 2 The study-specific incubation period of Coronavirus disease 2019 in the meta-analysis

From: The incubation period of COVID-19: a global meta-analysis of 53 studies and a Chinese observation study of 11 545 patients

Subgroup

Number of articles

Number of patients

Mean incubation period (95% CI)

I2 (%)

Pher

Preg

Region

< 0.001

 The mainland of China

41

5459

6.5 (6.1–6.9)

90.7

< 0.001

 

 Outside the mainland of China

12

1206

4.6 (4.1–5.1)

83.3

< 0.001

 

Median or mean age (years)

0.807

 < 40

8

669

6.3 (5.9–6.8)

80.3

< 0.001

 

 ≥ 40

21

3442

6.6 (5.3–8.3)

87.5

< 0.001

 

Ratio of male to female

0.572

 ≤ 1

15

1999

6.5 (6.0–7.1)

78.6

< 0.001

 

 > 1

15

2125

6.3 (5.6–7.2)

93.7

< 0.001

 

Sample of study

0.691

 < 100

33

1249

6.1 (5.3–7.1)

95.0

< 0.001

 

 ≥ 100

20

5416

5.9 (5.5–6.4)

93.9

< 0.001

 

Estimation method of the date of infection

0.045

 The earliest of exposure

19

3130

5.7 (5.0–6.4)

96.0

< 0.001

 

 Exposure interval

4

603

4.7 (3.1–7.0)

98.3

< 0.001

 

 Others

30

2932

6.6 (6.0–7.2)

90.3

< 0.001

 

Estimation method of the date of onset symptoms

   

0.064

 The date of onset symptoms

23

3411

5.6 (5.0–6.3)

97.7

 < 0.001

 

 Other

30

3254

6.4 (5.8–7.1)

91.0

 < 0.001

 

Estimation method of incubation period

0.090

 From the earliest exposure to onset

16

2296

5.7 (5.0–6.5)

95.7

< 0.001

 

 From the exposure interval to onset

4

603

4.7 (3.1–7.0)

98.3

< 0.001

 

 Others

33

3766

6.4 (5.9–7.0)

90.5

< 0.001

 

Language

0.025

 English

31

4354

5.7 (5.1–6.3)

97.5

< 0.001

 

 Chinese

22

2311

6.6 (6.1–7.3)

81.4

< 0.001

 
  1. Pheter for heterogeneity within each subgroup estimated by the Cochrane Q test
  2. Preg for heterogeneity between subgroups using meta-regression analyses
  3. CI, Confidence interval