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Table 2 Subgroup analysis of incidence rate of adverse events, sever adverse events and death after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, by study population, vaccine type, and population size

From: Effectiveness and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in real-world studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

No. cohorts

Incidence rate of adverse events (%) (95% CI)

I2 (%)

P value for heterogeneity

P value for subgroup differences

Weight (%)

Overall

31

1.5 (1.4–1.6)

100.0

 < 0.001

 

100

Study population

  

 < 0.001

 

General population

10

1.0 (0.9–1.0)

100.0

 < 0.001

 

98.92

Healthcare workers

6

53.2 (28.4–77.9)

99.8

 < 0.001

 

0.80

Patients

15

45.7 (33.8–57.6)

97.2

 < 0.001

 

0.28

Vaccine type

  

 < 0.001

 

BNT162b2

17

49.6 (21.8–77.4)

99.9

 < 0.001

 

23.57

AZD1222

4

79.6 (60.8–98.3)

99.1

 < 0.001

 

0.49

mRNA-1273

1

50.0 (34.9–65.1)

..

..

 

0.01

CoronaVac

3

30.8 (7.8–53.8)

99.7

 < 0.001

 

0.63

Ad26.COV2.S

1

0.2 (0.2–0.2)

..

..

 

25.03

Gam-COVID-Vac

1

71.3 (67.9–74.7)

..

..

 

0.08

BBIBP-CorV

1

29.4 (24.8–34.0)

..

..

 

0.04

Any

3

0.0 (0.0–0.1)

100.0

 < 0.001

 

50.15

Population size

  

 < 0.001

 

 < 1000

24

57.6 (47.9–67.4)

99.2

 < 0.001

 

1.41

1000–10 000

3

29.1 (3.3–54.9)

99.8

 < 0.001

 

0.75

10 000–100 000

1

0.4 (0.3–0.4)

..

..

 

22.74

 > 100 000

3

0.1 (0.0–0.1)

100.0

 < 0.001

 

75.11

 

No. cohorts

Incidence rate of severe adverse events (per 10 000) (95% CI)

I2 (%)

P value for heterogeneity

P value for subgroup differences

Weight (%)

Overall

15

0.4 (0.2–0.5)

98.2

 < 0.001

 

100

Study population

  

 < 0.001

 

General population

9

0.4 (0.2–0.5)

98.9

 < 0.001

 

84.53

Healthcare workers

2

127.2 (62.7–191.8)

36.1

0.211

 

0.01

Patients

4

22.5 (0.0–72.6)

77.7

0.004

 

15.46

Vaccine type

  

 < 0.001

 

BNT162b2

5

8.1 (0.0–17.8)

98.2

 < 0.001

 

7.71

mRNA-1273

2

4.2 (0.0–16.3)

43.9

0.182

 

0.83

CoronaVac

1

104.8 (53.7–156.0)

..

..

 

0.01

Ad26.COV2.S

1

0.4 (0.4–0.5)

..

..

 

18.84

Gam-COVID-Vac

1

175.7 (77.2–274.2)

..

..

 

0.01

Any

5

0.3 (0.2–0.5)

99.1

 < 0.001

 

72.60

Population size

  

0.030

 

 < 1000

4

90.4 (0.0–193.5)

82.7

0.001

 

0.01

1000–10 000

3

336.6 (41.4–631.8)

99.0

 < 0.001

 

0.01

10 000–100 000

3

1.0 (0.0–2.2)

73.3

0.024

 

8.54

 > 100 000

5

0.4 (0.2–0.5)

99.2

 < 0.001

 

91.45

 

No. cohorts

Incidence rate of death after vaccination (per 10 000) (95% CI)

I2 (%)

P value for heterogeneity

P value for subgroup differences

Weight (%)

Overall

5

0.1 (0.1–0.2)

87.6

 < 0.001

 

100

Study population

  

0.549

 

General population

3

0.1 (0.1–0.1)

55.4

0.106

 

94.73

Patients

2

7.6 (0.0–32.2)

48.3

0.164

 

5.27

Vaccine type

  

0.319

 

BNT162b2

1

29.8 (0.0–71.2)

..

..

 

0.01

Ad26.COV2.S

1

0.1 (0.1–0.1)

..

..

 

30.92

Any

3

0.1 (0.1–0.2)

92.4

 < 0.001

 

69.07

Population size

  

0.158

 

 < 1000

1

29.8 (0.0–71.2)

..

..

 

0.01

 > 100 000

4

0.1 (0.1–0.2)

90.0

 < 0.001

 

99.9

  1. CI confidence interval