Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhou, Yiguo; Zhang, Wan-Xue; Tembo, Elijah; Xie, Ming-Zhu; Zhang, Shan-Shan; Wang, Xin-Rui; Wei, Ting-Ting; Feng, Xin; Zhang, Yi-Lin; Du, Juan; Liu, Ya-Qiong; Zhang, Xuan; Cui, Fuqiang; Lu, Qing-Bin

doi:10.1186/s40249-022-01005-8

Infectious Diseases of Poverty

Table 1 Characteristics of original studies and the study populations

From: Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis

First author	Publication year	Study design	Study country	Study location	Population	Malaria epidemic level	Outcome	Diagnosis method	IRS drug	IRS coverage
Jambou	2001	Cross-sectional	Madagascar	168 municipalities	Children (mean 8.4 years)	High	Malaria parasites prevalence	Blood smear test	DDT	Unknown
Guyatt	2002	Cross-sectional	Kenya	Gucha District	General population	High	Plasmodium falciparum infection	RDT	Pyrethroids	Unknown
Gunasekaran	2005	Cross-sectional	India	Intervention: 54 villages Control: 10 villages	General population	High	Plasmodium falciparum infection	Blood smear test	DDT	≥ 80%
Sintasath	2005	Cross-sectional	Eritrea	2779 households (12,937 individuals) from 5 zobas	General residents (except children aged < 1 month)	Low	Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infection	RDT	Multiple	Unknown
Singh	2006	Cross-sectional	India	40 villages	Children ≤ 10 years; > 10 years	High	Malaria	RDT, blood smear test	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Kleinschmidt	2006	Cross-sectional	Equatorial Guinea	15 sentinel sites	2–15 years	High	Plasmodium falciparum infection	RDT, blood smear test (PCR)	Multiple	≥ 80%
Protopopoff	2008	Cross-sectional	Burundi	4 zones	1–9 years, > 9 years	High	Malaria infection, high-density parasitemia, clinical malaria	Blood smear test, RDT	Multiple	≥ 80%
Tseng	2008	Cohort	South Sudan	All districts	Children aged < 9 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Bukirwa	2009	Cross-sectional	Uganda	Kanungu District	General population	Medium	Clinical malaria	Microscopy	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Zhou	2010	Cohort	Kenya	1100 houses	Children aged < 14 years	High	Malaria incidence, Plasmodium parasite infection, Plasmodium parasite prevalence	RDT, blood smear test	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Rehman	2011	Cross-sectional	Malawi	14 sentinel sites	< 15 years	High	Malaria	RDT, blood smear test	Pyrethroids	< 80%
Rehman	2011	Cross-sectional	Mainland Equatorial Guinea	2 provinces	< 15 years	High	Malaria	RDT, blood smear test	Multiple	< 80%
Aregawi	2011	Cross-sectional	Zanzibar	6 inpatients facilities out of 7 in Zanzibar	General population	High	Malaria	Clinical judgement	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Hamusse	2011	Cross-sectional	Ethiopia	22 sprayed and 22 unsprayed villages	General population	High	Malaria incidence	Blood smear test	DDT	≥ 80%
Skarbinski	2012	Cross-sectional	Malawi	1 district (Nkhotakota District)	Children aged < 5 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Fullman	2013	Cross-sectional	17 countries in sub-Saharan Africa	NA	Children aged < 5 years	High	Parasitemia	RDT and/or blood smear test	Multiple	Unknown
Steinhardt	2013	Cross-sectional	Uganda	3 districts	0–59 months	High	Parasite prevalence	RDT	Multiple	≥ 80%
Mashauri	2013	Cross-sectional	Tanzania	6 villages	Children aged < 5 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Multiple	Unknown
Mashauri	2013	Cross-sectional	Tanzania	6 villages	Children aged 5–14 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Multiple	Unknown
Mashauri	2013	Cross-sectional	Tanzania	6 villages	Children aged ≥ 15 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Multiple	Unknown
West	2013	Cross-sectional	Tanzania	68 villages	Children aged 0.5–14 years	Medium	Plasmodium falciparum infection	RDT	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Gimnig	2016	Cross-sectional	Kenya	2 districts	General population	High	Clinical malaria	Parasitemia with fever	Pyrethroids	< 80%
Hamainza	2016	Cross-sectional	Zambia	165 households in districts of Luangwa and Nyimba	General population	High	Malaria	RDT	Multiple	< 80%
Kesteman	2016	Case-control	Madagascar	31 sentinel health centres	General population	High	Clinical malaria	RDT or microscopy	Pyrethroids	< 80%
Odugbemi	2016	Cross-sectional	Nigeria	20 local government areas	< 5 years	High	Parasitemia	RDT	Pyrethroids	≥ 80%
Kesteman	2016	Cross-sectional	Madagascar	4 southern study sites	Children aged 0.5–14 years	Low	Plasmodium infection	RDT	Pyrethroids	Unknown
Kesteman	2016	Cross-sectional	Madagascar	21 of all targeted zones except the south	Children aged 0.5–14 years	Low	Plasmodium infection	RDT	Pyrethroids	Unknown
Wanzira	2017	Cross-sectional	Uganda	210 areas	Children aged < 5 years	High	Malaria parasitemia	Blood smear test	Methyl carbamate	Unknown
Raouf	2017	Cross-sectional	Uganda	City (Apac District)	< 14 years	High	Malaria	Microscopy or RDT	Multiple	≥ 80%
Rek	2018	Cohort	Uganda	Subcounty	0.5–11 years	High	Parasite prevalence, malaria incidence	Blood smear test	Methyl carbamate	Unknown
Hast	2019	Cross-sectional	Zambia	Nchelenge District	General population	High	Plasmodium falciparum	RDT	Multiple	≥ 80%
Nankabirwa	2019	Cohort	Uganda	Subcounty	0.5–10 years and ≥ 18 years	High	Microscopic parasitemia	Blood smear test	Unknown	Unknown
Loha	2019	RCT	Ethiopia	44 villages	General residents	High	Malaria incidence, anemia	RDT	Methyl carbamate	≥ 80%
Tugume	2019	Cohort	Uganda	1 district	≥ 18 years	High	Malaria	RDT, blood smear test	Pirimiphos-methyl	≥ 80%
Arinaitwe	2020	Case-control	Uganda	1 hospital	General population with a history of recent overnight travel	Low	Malaria	RDT	Pirimiphos-methyl	Unknown
Habyarimana	2020	Cross-sectional	Rwanda	Village	Children aged 6 months to 14 years	High	Malaria	RDT	Pyrethroids	< 80%
Kamya	2020	Cohort	Uganda	Tororo District	Children aged 6 months to 2 years	High	Parasitemia	Microscopy, PCR	Multiple	≥ 80%
Wubishet	2021	Case-control	Ethiopia	1 district	General population	High	Malaria	RDT	Methyl carbamate	≥ 80%
Smith	2021	Case-control	The Republic of Nabimia	1 district (Zambezi River region)	Residents aged < 76 years	High	Parasite, Plasmodium falciparum	RDT	DDT	< 80%
Siegert	2021	Case-control	India	1 district (Mangaluru)	Residents aged > 18 years	Low	Plasmodium infection	PCR	Multiple	< 80%
Chaccour	2021	RCT	Mozambique	Rural Mopeia District	Children aged < 5 years	High	Malaria	RDT	Pirimiphos-methyl	Unknown
Fekadu	2021	Cross-sectional	Ethiopia	Health center	Patients in Heben Arsi District	Medium	Malaria	Blood smear test	Methyl carbamate	Unknown

RCT randomized controlled trial, RDT rapid diagnostic test, PCR polymerase chain reaction, DDT dichloro-diphenyl-tricgloroethane

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ISSN: 2049-9957

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