Table 1 Socio-demographic and housing factors associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection (Kafr El-Sheikh, 2019)
Variable (n = 861) | Total n (%) | Negative n (%) | Positive n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 404 (46.9) | 339 (83.9) | 65 (16.1) | 1.63 (1.10–2.43) | 0.015* | |
Female® | 457 (53.1) | 409 (89.5) | 48 (10.5) | 1.00 | |||
Age | 6–10 years | 274 (31.8) | 254 (93.8) | 17 (6.2) | 2.92 (1.71–5.00) |  < 0.001** | |
11–15 years® | 587 (68.2) | 491 (83.6) | 96 (16.4) | 1.00 | |||
Mother level of education | Lower (n = 665) | Illiterate/Read and write | 659 (76.5) | 559 (84.8) | 100 (15.2) | 3.01 (1.70–6.52) |  < 0.001** |
Literacy certificate | 6 (0.7) | 5 (83.3) | 1 (16.7) | ||||
Higher® (n = 196) | Primary school | 11 (1.6) | 11 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.00 | ||
Preparatory school | 34 (3.9) | 33 (97.1) | 1 (2.9) | ||||
Secondary school | 122 (14.2) | 113 (91.1) | 9 (8.9) | ||||
University | 29 (3.4) | 28 (96.6) | 1(3.3) | ||||
Father level of education (n = 853)# | Lower (n = 597) | Illiterate/Read and write | 580 (68.0) | 497 (85.7) | 83 (14.3) | 1.47 (0.92–2.34) | 0.104 |
Literacy certificate | 17 (2.0) | 15 (88.2) | 2 (11.5) | ||||
Higher® (n = 256) | Primary school | 55 (6.4) | 48 (87.3) | 7 (12.7) | 1.00 | ||
Preparatory school | 44 (5.2) | 38 (86.4) | 6 (13.6) | ||||
Secondary school | 107 (12.5) | 100 (93.5) | 7 (6.5) | ||||
University | 50 (5.9) | 44 (88.0) | 6 (2.0) | ||||
Socio-economic class | Low | 711(82.6) | 613 (86.2) | 98 (13.8) | 1.44 (0.81–2.56) | 0.212 | |
Medium® | 150 (17.4) | 135 (90.0) | 15 (10.0) | 1.00 | |||
Residence area | Village I | 452 (52.5) | 394 (87.2) | 58 (12.8) | 3.40 (1.71–6.79) |  < 0.001** | |
Village II | 168 (19.5) | 123 (73.2) | 45 (26.8) | 8.45 (4.12–17.35) |  < 0.001** | ||
Village III® | 241 (28.0) | 231 (95.9) | 10 (4.1) | 1.00 |  | ||
House proximity to water canal | Less than 30 min | 782 (90.8) | 675 (86.3) | 107 (13.7) | 1.92 (0.82–4.54) | 0.127 | |
More than 30 min® | 79 (9.2) | 73 (92.3) | 6 (7.6) | 1.00 | |||
Water shut-outs | Yes | 144 (16.7) | 113 (78.5) | 31 (21.5) | 2.75 (1.72–4.14) |  < 0.001** | |
No® | 717(83.3) | 652(90.9) | 65 (9.1) | 1.00 | |||