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Table 3 Association of clinical malaria and anemiaa in preschool-aged children

From: Clinical malaria and the potential risk of anaemia among preschool-aged children: a population-based study of the 2015–2016 Malawi micronutrient survey

Variable

crOR (CI)

P value

aOR (CI)

P value

Clinical malariab

 Yes

3.78

(2.55–5.59)

<  0.0001

4.63

(2.90–7.40)

<  0.0001

 No

1.00

  

1.00

  

Age (months)

 6–11

4.87

(2.39–9.93)

<  0.0001

4.40

(1.82–10.61)

0.0003

 12–23

2.66

(1.46–4.86)

0.0399

2.18

(1.05–4.56)

0.1179

 24–35

1.29

(0.73–2.30)

0.0450

0.90

(0.44–1.88)

0.0071

 36–47

1.20

(0.67–2.16)

0.0186

1.11

(0.56–2.21)

0.0733

 48–59

1.00

  

1.00

  

Fever in last 2 weeks

 Yes

1.75

(1.21–2.53)

0.0029

1.58

(1.04–2.39)

0.0324

 No

1.00

  

1.00

  

Alpha1-Acid Glycoprotein

 Abnormal

2.50

(1.64–3.81)

<  0.0001

2.13

(1.36–3.34)

0.0010

 Normal

1.00

  

1.00

  

Serum ferritinc

 Abnormal

1.97

(1.26–3.09)

0.0031

2.37

(1.40–4.02)

0.0014

 Normal

1.00

  

1.00

  

Alpha-thalassemia

 Unaffected

1.01

(0.66–1.53)

0.0030

0.90

(0.57–1.42)

0.0018

 Affected

3.62

(1.84–7.10)

<  0.0001

4.08

(1.74–9.59)

0.0004

 Carrier

1.00

  

1.00

  

Type of place of residence

 Urban

1.27

(0.53–3.01)

0.5981

2.17

(0.97–4.89)

0.0601

 Rural

1.00

  

1.00

  
  1. crOR: Crude odds ratio; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidential interval
  2. aAnemia defined as Hb < 110 g/L; bdefined as an individual with malaria-related symptoms (fever [axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 °C], chills, severe malaise, headache or vomiting) at the time of examination or 1–2 days prior to the examination in the presence of a Plasmodium falciparum positive blood smear; cSerum ferritin adjusted for inflammation using internal regression approach