Table 2 Median (IQR) costs in USD, by type of provider in first visit, incurred by patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB on treatment during January–June 2019, in Bhavnagar (n = 458)
Categories of costs | Total (n = 458) Median (IQR) | Private provider (n = 60) Median (IQR) | Government provider (n = 398) Median (IQR) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Direct medical | 0 (0–0) | 30 (10–76) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Day charges | 0 (0–0) | 3 (0–7) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Consultation | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Radiography | 0 (0–0) | 4 (0–7) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory | 0 (0–0) | 4 (0–7) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Procedure | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.274 |
Drug | 0 (0–0) | 14 (5–55) | 0 (0–0) | < 0.001 |
Prescribed nutrition | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.003 |
Direct non-medical | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | < 0.001 |
Travel to attend health facility | 3 (2–4) | 4 (2–5) | 3 (2–3) | 0.002 |
Food purchased to attend health facility | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.854 |
Accommodation to attend health facility | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.274 |
DOT costs (travel) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.935 |
Indirect | 6 (3–13) | 20 (3–76) | 4 (3–10) | < 0.001 |
Loss of wages to attend health facility | 3 (0–6) | 8 (0–21) | 3 (0–6) | 0.029 |
Wage loss of accompanying member | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–19) | 0 (0–3) | 0.84 |
Household income loss due to TB | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–27) | 0 (0–0) | 0.003 |
Total costs | 8 (5–28) | 61 (35–156) | 7 (5–14) | < 0.001 |