Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants by sex and age
Parameter | Sex | P-value | Age group in years | Overall | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | 4–6 | 7–10 | 11–14 | |||||
Demographic | |||||||||
% (n) | 50.0 (319) | 50.0 (319) | 14.7 (94) | 60.5 (386) | 24.8 (158) | 100 (638) | |||
Mean age (SD) | 8.9 (2.3) | 9.0 (2.0) | 5.6 (0.7) | 8.7 (1.1) | 11.7 (1.0) | 9.0 (2.1) | |||
Site | Bafia | 43.4 (43) | 56.6 (56) | 0.195 | 2.0 (2) | 70.7 (70) | 27.3 (27) | 15.5 (99) | < 0.001 |
Ikata | 47.3 (70) | 52.7 (78) | 23.6 (35) | 50.7 (75) | 25.7 (38) | 23.2 (148) | |||
Likoko | 52.7 (206) | 47.3 (185) | 14.6 (57) | 61.6 (241) | 23,8 (93) | 61.3 (391) | |||
Nutritional indices | |||||||||
Mean height (SD) in cm | 123.8 (12.0) | 126.6 (12.2) | 0.004 | 110.4 (10.3) | 123.8 (8.5) | 137.2 (9.1) | 125.2 (12.1) | < 0.001 | |
Mean weight (SD) in kg | 27.7 (9.1) | 28.1 (6.9) | 0.510 | 21.3 (3.1) | 26.5 (4.9) | 35.2 (10.7) | 27.9 (8.1) | < 0.001 | |
Mean HAZ (SD) | − 1.2 (2.0) | − 1.0 (1.5) | 0.042 | − 0.23 (3.3) | − 1.13 (1.3) | − 1.63 (1.2) | − 1.1 (1.8) | < 0.001 | |
Prevalence of Stunting (n) | 29.8 (95) | 17.6 (56) | < 0.001 | 10.6 (10) | 21.0 (81) | 38.0 (60) | 23.7 (151) | < 0.001 | |
Mean WAZ (SD) | − 0.05 (1.7) | − 0.12 (1.1) | 0.560 | 0.80 (2.2) | − 0.30 (1.1) | − 0.68 | − 0.1 (1.4) | < 0.001 | |
Prevalence of underweight (n) | 6.3 (20) | 3.1 (10) | 0.042 | 2.1 (2) | 7.3 (28) | 0.0 (0) | 4.7 (30) | 0.176 | |
Mean WHZ (SD) | 2.0 (2.1) | 1.8 (2.6) | 0.840 | 1.9 (2.2) | – | – | – | – | |
Prevalence of wasting (n) | 0.3 (1) | 0.3 (1) | 0.582 | 2.1 (2) | – | – | – | – | |
Mean BAZ (SD) | 0.67 (1.7) | 0.36 (1.4) | 0.017 | 1.3 (2.2) | 0.46 (1.5) | 0.16 (1.4) | 0.52 (1.6) | < 0.001 | |
Mean MUAC (SD) | 18.4 (2.1) | 19.0 (2.1) | 0.001 | 17.0 (1.4)` | 18.5 (1.7) | 20.4 (2.3) | 18.7 (2.1) | < 0.001 | |
Schistosoma and malariometric indices | |||||||||
Anaemia prevalence (n) | 74.9 (239) | 73.7 (235) | 0.393 | 85.1 (80) | 73.8 (285) | 69.0 (109) | 74.3 (474) | 0.017 | |
Prevalence of fever (n) | 23.3 (73) | 19.7 (62) | 0.160 | 20.9 (19) | 23.8 (90) | 16.5 (26) | 21.5 (135) | 0.166 | |
Schistosoma MED (range) | 17 (1–280) | 22 (1–600) | 0.397 | 22 (1–280) | 15 (1–600)a | 32 (1–450)b | 20 (1–600) | 0.071 | |
Haematuria prevalence (n) | 10.7 (34) | 15.4 (49) | 0.078 | 11.7 (11) | 11.4 (44) | 17.7 (28) | 13.0 (83) | 0.127 | |
Plasmodium GMPD (range) | 809 (140–33 250) | 592 (71–12 721) | 0.114 | 774 (158–18 090) | 805 (110–33 250)a | 410 (71–4763)b | 687 (71–33 250) | 0.017 | |