Distribution and factors associated with urogenital schistosomiasis in the Tiko Health District, a semi-urban setting, South West Region, Cameroon

Table 4 Risk factors associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection in the Tiko health district

Factors	% (n) positive	Unadjusted OR	95% CI	P value^$	^#Adjusted OR	95% CI	P value
Health area
Likomba	30.3 (71)	1.4	0.9–2.1	< 0.05	1.3	0.7–2.3	0.44
Holforth_Likomba	38.9 (117)	2.1	1.4–3.0		1.2	0.7–2.1	0.40
Holforth	23.5 (57)	REF			REF
Sex
Male	32.9 (138)	1.07	0.9–1.2	0.35	1.2	0.8–1.9	0.33
Female	29.8 (107)	REF			REF
Age group (years)
5–14	37.7 (156)	3.8	1.8–4.5	< 0.05	3.7	1.1–12.2	0.03
15–24	31.7 (39)	2.18	1.2–3.8		2.5	0.8–8.2	0.13
25–34	25.8 (24)	1.63	0.9–3.1		2.6	0.9–7.3	0.07
≥ 35	17.6 (26)	REF			REF
Level of education
Secondary	35.4 (126)	1.2	1.0–1.4	0.03	2.0	1.2–3.2	0.005
Primary	28.2 (119)	REF			REF
Occupation
Housewife	30.0 (12)	2.0	0.8–5.1	< 0.05	1.2	0.3–6.2	0.78
CDC worker	18.5 (17)	1.0	0.4–2.4		0.9	0.2–3.1	0.83
Pupil/student	36.5 (184)	2.7	1.3–5.2		1.0	0.3–3.7	0.94
Business/Civil servant	26.2 (21)	1.6	0.7–3.7		2.5	0.7–8.4	0.15
Farmer	17.7 (11)	REF			REF
Source of pipe-borne water
Household pipe-borne water	34.7 (195)	1.0	0.9–1.1	0.32	NA		NA
Communal pipe-borne water	29.8 (34)	REF
Degree of water contact
Degree II (≥ 100)	64.2 (145)	2.0	1.7–2.5	< 0.05	5.2	(3.4–8.1)	< 0.05
Degree I (2–99)	26.4 (55)	REF			REF

CDC Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CI confidence interval, OR odd ratio, NA not applicable
^$Pearson Chi-square test
^#Adjusted OR using multivariate regression analysis

ISSN: 2049-9957