Table 2 Determinants of untimely vaccination for MCV1 and MCV2 obtained from univariate model

Household level

 Child’s status

  NLBC

  LBC

1.02–1.62

0.76–1.39

 Ethnicity

  Han

  Zhuang

0.91–1.56

1.00–1.94

  Other

1.36–3.15

0.64–1.84

 Household registration status

  Registered

  Unregistered

1.15–2.86

0.95–2.91

 Siblings

  Yes

  No

0.63–1.04

0.55–1.11

 Primary guardian’s age (years)

  ≤ 45

  ≥ 46

1.01–1.59

0.73–1.34

 Primary guardian's education

  Primary school or below

  Junior high school

0.38–0.92

0.43–0.82

  Senior high school or above

0.32–0.78

0.57–1.71

 Primary guardian’s occupation

  Farmer

  Non-farmer

0.67–2.06

0.66–2.62

 Annual per capita family income (CNY)

  < 4800

  4800–8000

0.85–1.48

0.74–1.50

  > 8000

0.67–1.21

0.61–1.33

 Measles vaccination status of child's mother

  Vaccinated

  Non-vaccinated

1.93–3.34

1.36–2.88

 Annual average duration of time father is away from home (months)

  ≤ 6

  ≥ 7

0.89–1.42

0.68–1.25

 Annual average duration of time mother is away from home (months)

  ≤ 6

  ≥ 7

0.87–1.39

0.61–1.14

 Received a pre-vaccination physical examination from healthcare worker

  Yes

  No

1.15–1.97

0.89–1.77

 Received an explanation of vaccination side effect from healthcare worker

  Yes

  No

1.36–2.26

0.92–1.75

 Received post-vaccination advice from healthcare worker

  Yes

  No

1.48–2.37

1.12–2.04

 Primary guardian’s knowledge score on measles vaccination

  ≤ 8 (poor)

  ≥ 9 (good)

0.26–0.41

0.30–0.56

 Primary guardian’s perception of susceptibility to measles (score)

  ≤ 18 (poor)

  ≥ 19 (good)

0.45–0.73

0.48–0.91

 Primary guardian’s perception of severity of measles (score)

  ≤ 14 (poor)

  ≥ 15 (good)

0.70–1.12

0.69–1.27

 Primary guardian’s perception of severity of measles (score)

  ≤ 14 (poor)

  ≥ 15 (good)

0.70–1.12

0.69–1.27

 Primary guardian’s perception of benefit from measles vaccination (score)

  ≤ 15 (poor)

  ≥ 16 (good)

0.77–1.24

0.42–0.78

 Primary guardian’s perception of barriers to vaccination (score)

  ≤ 22 (weak)

  ≥ 23 (strong)

4.53–7.49

2.55–4.79

 Primary guardian’s perception of cues to action (score)

  ≤ 11 (few)

  ≥ 12 (sufficient)

0.31–0.54

0.15–0.40

 Primary guardian’s perception of self-efficacy (score)

  ≤ 12 (poor)

  ≥ 13 (good)

0.59–0.95

0.57–1.06

 Primary guardian’s practice towards measles vaccination (score)

  ≤ 12 (few)

  ≥ 13 (sufficient)

0.04–0.08

0.11–0.24

 Primary guardian’s satisfaction with vaccination service (score)

  ≤ 42 (low)

  ≥ 43 (high)

0.25–0.40

0.38–0.72

Village level

 Village doctor’s involvement in routine vaccination service

  Yes

  No

1.28–2.10

1.45–2.91

 Travel-time to township hospital (minutes)

  ≤ 29

  ≥ 30

1.16–3.09

0.96–3.39

Township level

 Provision of a written appointment service

  Yes

  No

1.67–3.42

1.79–5.81

 Offering monthly vaccination notice sheet

  Yes

  No

1.28–2.10

1.45–2.91

 Number of monthly sessions for routine vaccination (days)

  ≤ 4

  ≥ 5

0.62–0.98

0.63–1.16

 Sessions uniformly distributed over a month

  Yes

  No

1.09–1.73

0.75–1.38

 Provision of vaccination service on local market day

  Yes

  No

1.51–2.43

0.83–1.53

 Full-time vaccination workgroup

  Established

  Unestablished

1.13–1.99

1.11–2.22

 Met the allocation standard for vaccination professional

  Yes

  No

0.81–1.35

1.09–2.11