Establish an allele-specific real-time PCR for Leishmania species identification

Wu, Yun; Jiang, Mengyuan; Li, Shaogang; Waterfield, Nicholas R.; Yang, Guowei

doi:10.1186/s40249-022-00992-y

Infectious Diseases of Poverty

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

From: Establish an allele-specific real-time PCR for Leishmania species identification

Diseases	Patient ID	Age	Gender	Diagnosis basis				Laboratory test					Imaging	Combined infections	Parasite load	Treatment outcome	Combined HPS
Diseases	Patient ID	Age	Gender	Region	Symptoms	Anti-rk39	Etiology	WBC	RBC	PLT	ALB	GLB	Imaging	Combined infections	Parasite load	Treatment outcome	Combined HPS
VL	1	50	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, cough, diarrhea, abdominal pain, ascites	+	Culture	3.4	3.6	11	31.7	44.9	Enlarged spleen	HBV, Mycoplasma	1.9 × 10⁵	Cure	No
	2	51	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Nausea and vomit, appetite, oily, weight loss	+	Microscopy	2.3	3.7	125	25.6	59	Enlarged liver and spleen	Herpes simplex virus, EB virus	1.8 × 10⁵	Under treatment	No
	3	1	F	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, listlessness	+	Microscopy	2.6	2.7	81	30.7	34.1	Enlarged liver and spleen	Bacterial pneumonia	1.2 × 10⁷	Under treatment	No
	4	2	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever	+	PCR [54]	4.7	4.6	90	34.6	48.7	Enlarged liver and spleen	Mycoplasma, Rickettsia Q fever	un	Under treatment	No
	5	35	F	Linfen, Shanxi, China	Fever, chills	+	Microscopy	0.6	2.7	39	27.2	24.8	Enlarged spleen	Mycoplasma	2.1 × 10⁵	Cure	Yes
	6	66	M	Pingding, Shanxi, China	Fever, cough, fatigue	+	Microscopy	1.6	3.2	87	24.2	58.9	Enlarged spleen	None	8.7 × 10⁵	Cure	No
	7	53	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, night sweats, chills	+	Microscopy	3.6	3.2	156	23.3	63.1	Enlarged liver, Splenectomy	Fungal and bacterial pneumonia	4.2 × 10⁶	Cure	No
	8	44	M	Pingding, Shanxi, China	Fever, shortness of breath, fatigue, profuse sweating	−	Microscopy	1.7	2.3	44	29.7	20.4	Enlarged spleen	Candida albicans	un	Cure	Yes
	9	1	F	Xingtai, Hebei, China	Fever	+	Microscopy	11.8	4.2	281	38.8	42.7	Enlarged spleen	Neisseria, Mycoplasma	4.2 × 10⁶	Cure	Yes
	10	33	M	Weinan, Shaanxi, China	Fever, cough, expectoration	−	Microscopy	13	4.5	68	22.2	21.3	Enlarged spleen	Fungal and bacterial pneumonia, CytoMegalo virus	1.5 × 10⁷	Death	Yes
	11	42	M	Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, China	Fever, chills	+	Microscopy	2.06	3.18	453	31.7	28.5	Enlarged spleen	Epstein–Barr virus	1.0 × 10⁸	Under treatment	Yes
	12	26	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, chills	+	Microscopy	2.5	2.4	51	27.6	41	Enlarged spleen	None	1.7 × 10⁷	Cure	Yes
	13	26	F	Longnan, Gansu, China	Fever, chills	+	Microscopy	4.5	2.8	124	32.6	30.8	Enlarged liver and spleen	None	1.4 × 10⁵	Cure	Yes
	14	66	F	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Chest tightness, fatigue, cough	+	Microscopy	2.4	2.8	64	25.6	74.7	Enlarged liver and spleen	Mycoplasma	6.3 × 10⁶	Cure	No
	15	32	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, chills, fatigue, headache, sweat profusely, cough	+	Microscopy	1.7	3.0	91	35.9	81.1	Enlarged spleen	None	None	Under treatment	No
	16	47	F	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fatigue, fever, chills, nausea and vomit	+	Microscopy	1	2.7	105	22.4	83.4	Enlarged spleen	Mycoplasma, Epstein-Barr virus, Sarkozy virus	1.7 × 10⁵	Under treatment	No
	17	3	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever, listlessness, expectoration, vomit, abdominal pain, diarrhea	+	Microscopy	3.9	4.2	70	33.4	44	Enlarged spleen	None	7.9 × 10⁵	Under treatment	No
	18	30	M	Yangquan, Shanxi, China	Fever,	+	Culture	7.4	3.4	268	20.3	135	Enlarged liver, Splenectomy	Bacterial pneumonia	3.0 × 10⁶	Cure	No
	19	28	F	Gansu, China	No obvious symptoms	+	PCR [54]	3.5	4.2	125	33.5	26.2	Enlarged spleen	Mycoplasma	un	Under treatment	No
	20	80	M	Shanxi, China	Cough, fatigue	+	Microscopy	2.4	4.3	134	27.4	66.6	Enlarged spleen	Sarkozy virus, Adenovirus, Chlamydia	1.5 × 10⁶	Cure	No
	21	61	M	Beijing, China	Fever	+	Microscopy	5.8	4.7	148	34.4	38.3	Enlarged spleen	None	2.9 × 10³	Under treatment	Yes
	22	52	F	Shanxi, China	No obvious symptoms	−	Microscopy	1.5	4.6	191	42.8	26.8	Enlarged spleen	None	3.9 × 10⁴	Under treatment	No
CL	23	42	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	6	5	280	41.6	31.7	Normal	Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus	1.7 × 10⁷	Cure	No
	24	47	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Culture	5.5	4.5	182	35.8	31.1	Normal	unclear upper respiratory tract infection	1.5 × 10⁸	Cure
	25	35	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Culture	5.6	4.6	232	41.4	28	Normal	None	5.4 × 10⁷	Cure
	26	55	F	Morocco	Multiple skin ulcers	+	Microscopy	5.2	4.4	196	38.4	31.8	Normal	None	1.0 × 10⁸	Cure
	27	48	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	3.8	4.1	164	35.9	23.4	Normal	None	4.9 × 10⁷	Cure
	28	29	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	4.9	5.2	264	40.8	22.7	Normal	Mycoplasma	1.4 × 10⁶	Cure
	29	40	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	+	Microscopy	7.7	4.94	202	40.2	26.4	Normal	Chlamydia	8.0 × 10⁴	Cure
	30	34	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	3.9	4.41	161	38.3	24.2	Normal	Mycoplasma	1.8 × 10⁸	Cure
	31	43	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	4.5	4.6	207	39.5	29.9	Normal	Mycoplasma, Adenovirus	9.9 × 10⁷	Cure
	32	40	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	5.1	5.0	162	43.8	26.5	Normal	EB virus	5.0 × 10⁶	Cure
	33	31	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	8.4	5.5	57	48.5	24	Normal	None	3.2 × 10⁷	Cure
	34	34	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	5.2	4.6	189	39	29.7	Enlarged spleen	Mycoplasma, Legionella	5.4 × 10⁷	Cure
	35	42	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	5.2	4.6	203	41.7	29.2	Normal	Sarkozy virus, adenovirus, Mycoplasma	2.2 × 10⁷	Cure
	36	40	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	6	4.9	243	42.3	26.2	Normal	None	2.0 × 10⁸	Cure
	37	33	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	8.4	5.3	227	42.6	26.5	Normal	Mycoplasma, Chlamydia	9.1 × 10⁷	Cure
	38	26	M	Nigeria	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	4.7	4.5	153	41.4	25.1	Normal	Mycoplasma	1.8 × 10⁷	Cure
	39	51	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	+	Microscopy	4.7	4.4	155	36.3	24.1	Normal	Mycoplasma	1.7 × 10⁷	Cure
	40	34	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	5.9	5.0	160	40.7	24.6	Normal	None	4.4 × 10⁷	Cure
	41	36	M	Uzbekistan	Single skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	9.3	5.1	352	41.8	36.7	Normal	None	6.0 × 10⁶	Cure
	42	32	M	Iraq	Multiple skin ulcers	−	Microscopy	4.6	4.7	239	46.3	31	Normal	Legionella	5.0 × 10⁷	Cure

WBC: white blood cell; RBC: red blood cell; PLT: platelet; ALB: albumin; GLB: globulin; Cure means PCR negative in bone marrow for leishmania detection at the end of treatment; HPS: hemophagocytic syndrome; M: male; F: female; +: positive; −: negative; HBV: hepatitis B virus; un: undetected

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ISSN: 2049-9957

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