Table 2 Characteristics of studies included in this review of the impact of mass drug administration with antibiotics for prophylaxis in persons-living with HIV on the human gut microbiome
From: The impact of mass drug administration of antibiotics on the gut microbiota of target populations
Reason for MDA | First author | Year | Study Design | Specimen collection and Sequencing | Country | Target population | Intervention | Major findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HIV prophylaxis | Bourke, CD [68] | 2019 | RCT | 150 mg stool, whole metagenome sequencing | Zimbabwe | HIV-infected children median [IQR] age 8.9 [5.7,11.1] years on Antiretroviral Therapy who were taking oral cotrimoxazole (once-daily doses of 200 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 40 mg of trimethoprim, 400 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 80 mg of trimethoprim, or 800 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim for a body weight of 5 to 15, 15 to 30, or > 30 kg, respectively) (n = 72) | Continue versus stop daily oral cotrimoxazole | Reduced and gut-inflammation associated viridans group streptococci bacterial species abundance and gut-inflammation associated bacterial mevalonate pathway abundance after 2 years |
HIV prophylaxis | D’Souza, AW [70] | 2020 | RCT | 150 mg stool, whole metagenome sequencing | South Africa | 6-week-old HIV-exposed uninfected infants (n = 63) | Oral cotrimoxazole (received 20 mg trimethoprim/100 mg sulfamethoxazole with < 5 kg body weight or 40 mg trimethoprim/200 mg sulfamethoxazole with 5–15 kg body weight) | Greater abundance and diversity of total genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance genes, and genetic determinants of trimethroprim (dfr), and sulfamethoxazole (sul) resistance after 6 months |
HIV prophylaxis | Francis, F [69] | 2020 | RCT | 150 mg stool, whole metagenome sequencing | Zimbabwe | HIV-infected children median [IQR] age 8.9 [5.7,11.1] years on Antiretroviral Therapy who were taking oral cotrimoxazole (once-daily doses of 200 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 40 mg of trimethoprim, 400 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 80 mg of trimethoprim, or 800 mg of sulfamethoxazole and 160 mg of trimethoprim for a body weight of 5 to 15, 15 to 30, or > 30 kg, respectively) (n = 72) | Continue versus stop daily oral cotrimoxazole | fivefold increase abundance of a genetic determinant of trimethoprim resistance (dfrA1) after 2 years |