Fig. 2

TransCode construction. a Calculating the transmissibility of a single case according to the individual’s visiting records (left). The closer the visiting date to the onset date, the higher the transmissibility. The case’s cross-constituency transmission matrix is obtained by calculating the transmissibility of the individual case for all constituency pairs (right). b The cross-constituency transmission matrix (i.e., the constituency-level TransCode) at the metapopulation level is formed by aggregating the transmission matrices of all individual cases (left). The cross-district transmission matrix (i.e., the district-level TransCode) is obtained by identifying the district that each constituency belongs to and summating all elements in the constituency-level matrix within that district block (right)