Table 1 Number of cases and health care expenditures avoided associated with non-pharmaceutical interventions

Number of cases avoided‒thousand (95% CI)

 Seasonal influenza

1807 (1185‒2705)

951 (626‒1419)

856 (558‒1289)

802 (521‒1214)

738 (467‒1153)

327 (215‒480)

 Tuberculosis

93 (64‒124)

70 (50‒91)

25 (15‒35)

0 (-0‒0)

6 (4‒9)

87 (59‒117)

 Measles

5 (3‒10)

3 (2‒6)

2 (1‒4)

2 (1‒4)

1 (0‒1)

2 (1‒4)

 Scarlet fever

66 (51‒85)

40 (31‒51)

27 (20‒35)

20 (16‒26)

46 (35‒60)

0 (0‒1)

 Mumps

65 (43‒91)

39 (26‒54)

26 (17‒37)

2 (-1‒5)

54 (35‒77)

7 (5‒9)

 Rubella

3 (1‒8)

2 (1‒6)

1 (0‒3)

0 (0‒0)

2 (0‒7)

1 (1‒2)

 Varicella

399 (330‒475)

211 (174‒250)

190 (156‒226)

65 (49‒83)

266 (217‒318)

83 (71‒96)

 Bacillary Dysentery

16 (11‒21)

8 (5‒11)

8 (5‒11)

6 (4‒8)

1 (0‒2)

8 (5‒11)

 Infectious diarrhea

441 (316‒578)

246 (179‒319)

197 (138‒262)

293 (217‒378)

9 (-2‒22)

128 (72‒190)

 HFMD

2235 (1441‒3320)

1309 (850‒1935)

923 (590‒1377)

1978 (1285‒2917)

232 (151‒343)

14 (8‒22)

Health care expenditures avoided‒million USD (95% CI)

 Seasonal influenza

826 (542‒1237)

435 (286‒649)

391 (255‒589)

367 (238‒555)

337 (214‒527)

149 (98‒219)

 Tuberculosis

138 (94‒183)

103 (73‒134)

36 (22‒52)

0 (− 0‒0)

10 (6‒13)

129 (87‒172)

 Measles

2 (1‒4)

1 (1‒3)

1 (1‒2)

1 (1‒2)

0 (0‒1)

1 (0‒2)

 Scarlet fever

24 (18‒31)

14 (11‒18)

10 (7‒12)

7 (6‒9)

17 (13‒22)

0 (0‒0)

 Mumps

21 (14‒30)

13 (8‒18)

9 (6‒12)

1 (-0‒2)

18 (11‒25)

2 (2‒3)

 Rubella

0 (0‒1)

0 (0‒0)

0 (0‒0)

-0 (-0‒0)

0 (0‒0)

0 (0‒0)

 Varicella

68 (56‒80)

36 (29‒42)

32 (26‒38)

11 (8‒14)

45 (37‒54)

14 (12‒16)

 Bacillary Dysentery

8 (6‒11)

4 (3‒6)

4 (3‒6)

3 (2‒4)

1 (0‒1)

4 (3‒6)

 Infectious diarrhea

103 (74‒135)

58 (42‒75)

46 (32‒61)

69 (51‒89)

2 (-1‒5)

30 (17‒44)

HFMD

580 (374‒861)

340 (220‒502)

239 (153‒357)

513 (333‒757)

60 (39‒89)

4 (2‒6)