Table 1 Characteristics of the study population and point-of-care ultrasound findings according to dengue clinical classification

Males

79 (44.4)

41 (51.2)

38 (38.8)

Age in years

 Median (range)

16.5 (2–85)

17 (2–85)

16 (2–60)

 2–18

103 (57.9)

43 (53.7)

60 (61.2)

 19–29

37 (20.8)

11 (13.7)

26 (26.6)

 30–59

28 (15.7)

17 (21.2)

11 (11.2)

 60 or more

10 (5.6)

9 (11.2)

1 (1)

Days of fever onset

 Median (range)

5 (0–10)

5 (0–10)

5 (1 -10)

 0–3

24 (13.4)

15 (18.8)

9 (9.2)

 4–6

90 (50.6)

41 (51.2)

49 (50)

 7–10

64 (36)

24 (30)

40 (40.8)

Mean arterial pressure mmHg^a

80 (61.6–121.6)

80 (61.6–103.3)

80 (65.0–121.6)

Pulse pressure mmHg^a

35 (20–80)

40 (20–80)

35 (25–70)

Dengue IgM

n = 155

n = 67

n = 88

 Negative

55 (35.5)

26 (38.8)

29 (33)

 Positive

100 (64.5)

41 (61.2)

59 (67)

Dengue IgG

n = 96

n = 43

n = 53

 Negative

31 (32.3)

15 (34.9)

16 (30.2)

 Positive

65 (67.7)

28 (65.1)

37 (69.8)

Dengue IgM/IgG

n = 96

n = 43

n = 53

 Both negative

19 (19.8)

9 (21)

10 (18.8)

 Both positive

48 (50)

21 (48.8)

27 (51)

 Positive/negative

12 (12.5)

6 (14)

6 (11.3)

 Negative/positive

17 (17.7)

7 (16.2)

10 (18.9)

 Maximum hematocrit (%) ^a

42.7 (27.3–54.7)

42.5 (27.3–54.7)

42.8 (27.8–54.6)

n = 170

n = 74

Hemoconcentration (%) ^a

9.6 (0–59.2)

9.9 (0–30.3)

9.4 (0–59.2)

Leukocytes (cells × 10³/µl)^a

3.9 (1–49)

3.9 (1–14.1)

3.7 (1.4–49.0)

Leukopenia (< 4000 cells × 10³/µl)

92 (51.7)

40 (50)

52 (53%)

Lymphocytes (cells × 10³/µl)^a

1.73 (0.39–9.09)

1.65 (0.43–9.09)

1.85 (0.39–3.92)

Lymphopenia (< 1000 cells × 10³/µl)

30 (16.8)

15 (18.7)

15 (15.3)

n = 176

n = 96

Monocytes (cells × 10³/µl)^a

0.49 (0–2.4)

0.5 (0–2.0)

0.47 (0–2.4)

Monocytosis (> 1200 cell × 10³/µl)

24 (13.4)

11 (13.7)

13 (13.2)

Platelets (cells/mm³)^a

73,000 (12,000–283,000)

70,000 (19,000–268,000)

73,000 (12,000–283,000)

Thrombocytopenia (< 100,000 cells/mm³)

131 (73.6)

54 (67.5)

77 (78.5)

POCUS findings

n = 161

n = 73

n = 88

 Any evidence of plasma leakage

137 (85.1)

61 (83.6)

76 (86.4)

 Number of anatomical sites positive^a

2 (0–7)

1 (0–7)

2 (0–7)

 Hepatorenal ascites

34/39 (87.2)

13/14 (92.9)

21/25 (84)

 Splenorenal ascites

16/25 (64)

3/8 (37.5)

13/17 (76.4)

 Pelvic ascites

32/147 (21.8)

10/66 (15.1)

22/81 (27.1)

 Gallbladder wall thickening > 3 mm

8/76 (10.5)

2/30 (6.6)

6/46 (13)

 Pericholecystic fluid

7/121 (5.8)

0/51

7/70 (10)

 Right sided pleural effusion

4/45 (9)

3/24 (12.5)

1/21 (4.7)

 Pericardial effusion

3/48 (6.2)

2/24 (8.3)

1/24 (4.1)

 Left sided pleural effusion

1/23 (4.3)

1/9 (11.1)

0/14

 B lines > 3

3/96 (3)

2/40 (5)

1/56 (1.8)